Method and system for monitoring, controlling and optimizing flow of products delivered to customers via containers that flow in a distribution network

ABSTRACT

A liquid product dispensing container device for affixes to a liquid product dispensing container, such as a beer keg, for monitoring, controlling and/or optimizing flow of a liquid product delivered to consumers from the liquid product dispensing container. The liquid product dispensing container device includes a casing for attaching it to the liquid product dispensing container. The liquid product dispensing container device includes a power source, a radio transmitter circuit, a radio/processing module processing radio signal transmissions of information relating to the liquid product dispensing container. An antenna associates with the radio/processing module for sending and receiving the radio signal transmissions between the radio/processing module and at least one stationary reader and/or mobile device.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims benefit to the provisional applications No.62/339,513 entitled, “Monitoring, Controlling, and/or Optimizing Flow ofProducts” filed on May 20, 2016 and No. 62/363643 entitled “System,Apparatus and Methods for Determining the Amount of Liquid Inside Kegs”filed on Jul. 16, 2016, both patent applications being here expresslyincorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure relates generally to monitoring, controllingand/or optimizing flow of products delivered to customers via containersthat flow in a distribution network. Alternatively, disclosed subjectmatter includes a radio transmitter and methods of operation formonitoring, controlling and/or optimizing use of equipment and/orresources that are spread out in a geographic area, move between oramong locations, and have usage, contents, or other associated stateinformation.

BACKGROUND

The beer industry in the United States and other countries involves anumber of participants performing specific roles from brewing the beer,to distributing the beer, to vending the beer to consumers who finallydrink and enjoy the beer in its many forms. While the United States haslegal requirements for maintaining a three-tier system requiring allbeer to pass through a distributor or wholesaler, for many reasons athree-tiered system is the most popular way of operating the beerindustry in most other countries, as well. The distributor does theon-the-ground sales and marketing for the producer, and the distributorssell the beer to vendors who ultimately serve the beer consumer.Distributors also maintain refrigerated warehouses to store the beer,and fleets of trucks to ship the beer to ultimate destinations. Thedistributor also makes sure the retailers are always carrying freshbeer. In some states breweries are allowed to self-distribute, in whichcase the brewery takes on both production and distributing functions.

Of course, beer is sold to consumers in two primary ways, in bottles andthrough kegs. Beer kegs are made of stainless steel, or less commonly,of aluminium. A keg has a single opening on one end, called a “bung.” Atube called a “spear” extends from the opening to the other end. Mostmajor breweries now use internally speared kegs. There is a self-closingvalve that is opened by the coupling fitting which is attached when thekeg is tapped. There is also an opening at the top of the spear thatallows gas (usually carbon dioxide) to drive the beer out of the keg.The coupling fitting has one or two valves that control the flow of beerout of and gas into the keg. The keg must be in the upright position,that is, with the opening on top for the beer to be dispensed.

Kegs are typically the second biggest asset a brewery has (the first istheir production facility) and the asset is not under their control. Theindustry average keg loss is 4%-5% per year and usually owners do notknow where and when they are losing them. Keg deposits are only $30-$50,while the cost of the keg is $100-$150. The deposit does not cover thecost of the keg. Correlating deposits between deliverer and recipientrequires manual counting and is error prone. In order to track locationof kegs, it is necessary to manually scan them at each location.

Kegs are often stolen or misplaced by vendors. So, when breweries needempty kegs, the required kegs are not available, because they have notyet been returned. Without visibility into where the kegs are and whenthey will return, it is difficult to predict and plan for needs.

Keg maintenance schedules also are very important to maintain productquality. But without knowing the exact history of each keg, it isimpossible to determine specific schedules. Without good measurements, abrewery has little ability to optimize usage of their kegs. Keepingtrack of which kegs need to be serviced based upon number of uses in thefield requires manual counting and is error prone. Keeping track ofwhich kegs need which type of cleaning based upon number of uses alsorequires manual counting and is error prone.

When kegs are returned, it is necessary to manually scan them todetermine batch number, beer type, dates, etc. When scanning individualkegs, as they go in and out of a warehouse, one mistake can makeinventory inaccurate. Correlating keg serial numbers with deliveriesrequires manual labor and is error prone.

Keeping track of keg inventories in cold rooms, trucks, warehousesrequires manual counting and is error prone. Using cardboard labels todetermine keg contents, fill dates, etc.—a usual practice—is errorprone, because such labels frequently come off. An end result is that aretail outlet may inadvertently run out of a particular style of beer.

Beer ages and some beers are better fresh and some are better aged.Unpasteurized beer must be kept below certain temperature thresholds toprevent spoilage. So, being sensitive to such product needs is anongoing challenge for distributors and vendors, as errors here canaffect a consumer's acceptance of a brewer's product.

The distributor's delivery truck is also a critical part of the beerindustry, yet a place where human limitations and incomplete informationcan cause many problems. Inside a truck, it is difficult/impossible totell exactly which kegs are in the truck. It is hard to manage a fleetof drivers, monitoring compliance, doing real-time route changes, etc.It is difficult to keep track of which kegs are in a truck fromday-to-day and as the truck drives in delivers and pick-ups. Drivers mayalso try to disable tracking to hide unscheduled stops. It is difficultto capture mileage and speed data from a truck. It is hard to train newdrivers on a route, and hard for drivers to learn the nuances of theirconsumers' requirements.

One way to solve these problems might be to use GPS tracking devices onthe beer kegs. But, tracking devices are often removed by a personstealing a keg. Most GPS tracking equipment costs nominally $100,because it includes a cell radio, GPS radio, etc. GPS tracking equipmentalso is bulky and requires power to operate. Most GPS tracking equipmentrequires a cell data plan to communicate back to the owner. This monthlyfee is prohibitive for a beer keg. This cost and the relatedcomplications make GPS trackers prohibitive for a beer keg.

Although a brewery/distributor sells a keg to a vendor (i.e. restaurant,bar, etc.) it does not mean the keg goes on tap (i.e. pints of itoffered for sale). So, the brewery/distributor does not know if thevendor needs a new keg or not. It is necessary, therefore, for thebrewery and distributor to visit the vendor account to check if a givenkeg is on tap. A brewery and distributor also wants to know if a keg is“full at restaurant”, “empty at distributor” and other logical statesand transitions. Gathering this information can be very time consumingand difficult, requiring several trips just to maintain the information.

Once a keg reaches a vendor, it is hard to determine when a line in thetap room might run out due to a keg in the cold room. A vendor wouldlike to know how many servings they can sell, but POS tracking of keglevels is inaccurate due to variances in how the beer is served and whenand how a keg is changed out. Flow meters which measure how much liquidis taken out of a keg (and thereby how full the keg is) must beinstalled (1) in the line between the keg and the handle in the bar; or(2) inside the valve which is attached to the keg; or (3) inside thevalve in the handle. Again there is the problem of correlating kegchanges with the flow meter measurements. Measuring the liquid levelinside a container often requires breaching the container. Solutions forweighing the keg to determine how full it is also may require each kegto be weighed individually, and the scale may interfere with shelvingand need to be transitioned between kegs. All of this unduly complicatesthe use of kegs and experience that vendors and consumers enjoy in theuse of kegs.

There is also opportunity for improving the relationships between thebrewery and the consumer. In the marketplace, it is difficult todetermine marketing effectiveness for a particular beer. Consumersdesire to engage with the beers they like. Consumers would like to knowwhen their favorite beer is available nearby. When a favorite beer isnot available, consumers would like to know recommendations of somethingelse to try. When travelling, it is hard for a consumer to find a placeand something they would like

Breweries would like to gain the attention of new consumers. It isdifficult to blindly determine a consumer's drinking preferences (i.e.type of beer). A vendor's point-of-sale terminal will often notdistinguish which beer was sold. Consumers may want to engage aparticular style of beer. Consumers also would like to know whenpromotions occur.

In light of the above considerations, today's beer industry calls forsignificant improvement in the supply chain involving breweries,distributors, vendors, and consumers. There is the need to greatlyimprove the use and monitoring of beer kegs throughout the beer supplychain for both industry profitability and consumer protection andenjoyment. However, until the present disclosure, no such improvementshave been effective in satisfactorily addressing these concerns andopportunities.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

In light of the above problems with the beer industry at each level ofbrewery, distributor, vendor and consumer, the present disclosureprovides numerous innovations, improvements, and inventions relating tomonitoring, controlling and/or optimizing flow of products delivered toconsumers via containers that flow in a distribution network. Thedisclosed subject matter includes method and system for monitoring,controlling and/or optimizing use of equipment and/or resources that arespread out in a geographic area, move between or among locations, andhave usage, contents, or other associated state information.

According to one aspect, the disclosed subject matter provides a liquidproduct distribution network for monitoring, controlling, and optimizingthe flow of liquid products for delivery to consumers served by adistribution network for distributing said liquid products via liquidproduct dispensing containers. The liquid product distribution networkincludes at least one liquid product dispensing container fortransporting from a transport location to a dispensing location. Atleast one liquid product dispensing container includes an adaptablyaffixed radio transmitter and microprocessor for sensing andtransmitting a plurality of data measurements relating to the status ofsaid liquid product dispensing container. A stationary or mobile radiosignal reader operates within the distribution network for receiving theplurality of data measurements from the radio transmitter and furthercommunicating information relating to the plurality of datameasurements. Computer software systems are associated with the radiosignal reader(s) for a plurality of data collection functions. The datacollection functions include liquid product management functions, liquidproduct sales functions, and liquid product consumer managementfunctions. A computer processing server system associates with thestationary reader for processing data and executing instructionsassociating with the information relating to the data collectionfunctions. The computer processing server further communicatesinformation relating to the data collection functions with an internetcommunications or cloud interface. A reporting and marketing salessystem associates with the computer processing server systems forinterfacing with a plurality of computer processing systems operating inassociation with the functions of producing, distributing, vending, andconsuming the liquid products.

In another aspect, the present disclosure relates to a liquid productdistribution network and provides a liquid product dispensing containerdevice for affixing to a liquid product dispensing container, such as abeer keg, for monitoring, controlling and/or optimizing flow of a liquidproduct delivered to consumers from the liquid product dispensingcontainer. The liquid product dispensing container moves from locationto location and dispenses the liquid product from a location in adistribution network. The liquid product dispensing container deviceincludes a casing for attaching it to the liquid product dispensingcontainer. The casing includes an enclosure and an attachment mechanismfor attaching the casing to a predetermined location of the liquidproduct dispensing container. The liquid product dispensing containerdevice includes a power source for providing power. A light indicatormay be included for indicating the status of the liquid productdispensing container device. The liquid product dispensing containerdevice includes a radio transmitter circuit for securing in theenclosure. A radio/processing module processes radio signaltransmissions of information relating to the liquid product dispensingcontainer. An antenna associates with the radio/processing module forsending and receiving the radio signal transmissions between theradio/processing module and at least one stationary reader and/or mobiledevice. A temperature sensor circuit senses temperatures relating to theliquid product dispensing container and generating electronic signalsrelating to the temperatures. A transducer circuit senses measurementsof the liquid product within the liquid product dispensing container andgenerates electronic signals relating to the sensing measurements. Amicrophone/sensor circuit for sensing sounds and related data associateswith the dispensing of the liquid product from the liquid productdispensing container. A codec/digital signal processing circuit includesmemory and computer instruction processing circuitry for receiving dataand processing instructions from the temperature sensor, the transducer,and microphone/sensor circuit generating information relating to thelocation of the liquid product dispensing container, the state of theliquid product dispensing container, and the state of the liquid productwithin the liquid product dispensing container. Processor instructionsenable operating the radio transmitter device to communicate informationrelating to the location of the liquid product dispensing container, thestate of the liquid product dispensing container, and the state of theliquid product within the liquid product dispensing container.

The liquid product distribution network of the present disclosureincludes a radio transmitter providing wireless communications fordetermination of exact kegs, even if they are not visible/accessible.The radio transmitter also makes possible exact keg inventory in awarehouse. The radio transmitter also makes possible automatic andreal-time correlation of returned kegs, as well as determination of keglocation, and cold room inventory. The radio transmitter makes use ofnormal mobile phones for detecting kegs within a 100′ radius, in thebackground, without any manual interaction and at a distance withoutkegs being visible.

The radio transmitter permits automatically and accurately correlatingkeg serial numbers for correlating deposits and maintaining inventory.The radio transmitter and associated software permits easily looking upkeg contents, fill dates, etc., and can use a normal mobile phone, aswell as flag kegs for service based upon number of turns in the field.

Because the radio transmitter enables uniquely identifies a keg, as wellas its distributor and brand, the status of the keg can be automaticallyrelayed to the brewery/distributor. The distribution network mechanismfor determining how full each keg attaches to the keg and does notrequire shifting of kegs on scales for weighing. The radio transmitterconnects within the distribution network to automatically relay filldata to the correct brewery/distributor.

By leveraging a cell phone communication system, the radio transmitterdoes not need its own GPS and cell radios, allowing it to cost tendollars or less. The radio transmitter also does not require a monthlycell data plan, has a small form factor, and can run five years ontypical lithium battery cells.

By operating nominally for five years, the radio transmitter aligns withthe normal five-year service cycle of kegs. The distribution networkincludes a keg level measuring system that does not require penetrationof the container. The keg level measuring system isolates acousticmeasurements by: (1) using ambient noise cancellation; (2) timingmeasurements to correspond with the acoustic impulse generated by theimmediate keg. The level measuring system is not continuous, savingpower when not measuring, as well as does not require either penetrationof lines or modification of handles/taps.

The distribution network includes a truck reader that allows real-timeinventory of a delivery truck. By putting the antennas at the end ofwires, the truck reader main unit can be hidden and/or made secure underthe dash or seats. By connecting the ODB2 port in the delivery truck,the unit is easy to install and can collect mileage, speed and otherdata from the vehicle. By integrating a Wi-Fi antenna, the unit can“store and forward”—collect data during the day and automaticallydownload it at night when the truck returns to base. The truck readeracts as a knowledge base for delivery drivers—keeping track ofinformation they need to make deliveries—such as instructions on whereto park, lock codes or access codes, best time of day to makedeliveries, consumer contacts and instructions, etc.

The truck reader allows real-time monitoring of trucks and drivers. Forexample, the truck reader enables determining which driver is nearest toa required delivery, and whether drivers stay on their routes or makeunscheduled stops, etc.

By collecting data on the location and history of kegs, the distributionnetwork determines state transitions for kegs. Some of the statetransitions are determined retroactively. For example, a lack ofreadings after a period of time may retroactively determine a statetransition that occurred at the beginning of the period. Hand-offsbetween sensing devices and locations can determine state changes. Forexample, a keg that was detected by a cold room reader, but then is nolonger detected by that reader, then is detected by a truck reader,might cause a state change to “being delivered.”

The distribution network may have determined a keg has been delivered toa vendor (i.e. consumer such as restaurant/bar), but may not know whichvendor or exactly when. When a mobile sensor (such as a mobile phone)detects/contacts the presence of the keg at a location, the distributionnetwork then determines which vendor the keg went to, and canretroactively determine the delivery schedule and other informationbecause it now knows which vendor received the keg.

Using store and forward, the mobile sensor can download historicalinformation from the radio transmitter 16 when it detects it at avendor. Using the mesh network and store and forward at a vendor, anarriving keg can communicate its arrival to the other kegs at thevendor. When one of the older kegs leaves the vendor and returns to thebrewery, it forwards the information from the keg that newly arrivedwhile it was at the vendor.

The distribution network includes a weighing mat that can integratebranding so that a given type of keg is correlated to a place on themat. A brewery can sponsor their portion of a mat, allowing the totalarea of the mat to build up over time. The mat determines wirelesslyusing the radio transmitter where kegs are on the mat, to determinewhich exact keg is being weighed. By correlating the decrease in keglevels with drink purchases, it is possible to determine which consumerpurchased from which keg. Once the keg is determined, it is then knownwhich brewery, type of beer, date brewed, etc.

By correlating consumer location against keg location, it is possible tonotify the consumer (1) when a keg of their favorite beer goes on tap;(2) the nearest location to purchase a glass of beer; (3) how long thebeer is likely to be on tap (i.e. how empty the keg is); (4) the keg isno longer available; (5) how fresh the beer is (i.e. when it wasbrewed). When a limited supply keg goes on tap, the action of going ontap can trigger alerts to consumers indicating the keg is now available.

The distribution network can indicate other beers currently available ontap that are similar to what the consumer likes/has purchasedbefore/what their friend likes/what others are drinking/what ispopular/what is freshest/what has aged longest/what is seasonal orspecial/what is from a local brewery/what is from a faraway brewery/whathas special ingredients/what is of limited supply. The distributionnetwork can indicate other beers currently available on tap that aresimilar to what the consumer likes/has purchased before/etc. therebyintroducing the consumer to new breweries. Distribution network canindicate the brew date of each beer, how long it has aged, how long ithas been on tap, etc.

By correlating consumer purchase of product against marketing done tothe consumer, it is possible to determine marketing effectiveness, andthereby improve future marketing. A brewery can allow a consumer to“sponsor” a keg such that the consumer is notified where the kegtravels, when it arrives locations, etc. If the consumer wants tosponsor a keg with a certain type of beer only, a container can beallocated to his sponsorship at every brewing, so it appears he “owns” aspecific keg, even if the actual container is different at each brewing.This allows a brewery to rotate their kegs normally while still allowingthe consumer to perceive they are sponsoring a single keg.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The novel features believed characteristic of the disclosed subjectmatter will be set forth in any claims that are filed later. Thedisclosed subject matter itself, however, as well as the preferred modeof use, further objectives, and advantages thereof, will best beunderstood by reference to the following detailed description of anillustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanydrawings, wherein:

Having thus described the invention in general terms, reference will nowbe made to the accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily drawn toscale, and wherein:

FIG. 1 illustrates the architecture of the liquid product distributionnetwork of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 shows and exploded view of the radio transmitter of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 3 shows a three-dimensional view of the PCB and battery assembly ofthe present disclosure including components for performing the disclosedfunctions;

FIG. 4 shows and assembled radio transmitter according to the teachingsof the present disclosures;

FIG. 5 depicts an exemplary mode of attaching the radio transmitter ofthe present disclosure to the rim of a keg;

FIG. 6 shows an alternate switch configuration employing the keg metalsurface to turn on the radio transmitter;

FIG. 7 shows an exemplary embodiment of a tamper-resistant mechanism forholding and securing the radio transmitter to the keg rim;

FIGS. 8A through 8C depict a radio transmitter fixing mechanism forsecuring the radio transmitter of the present disclosure to the keg rim;

FIG. 9 shows an alternative fixing mechanism for securing the radiotransmitter around the handle of a keg;

FIG. 10 depicts one embodiment of a fluid level measurement mechanismfor determining keg volume;

FIGS. 11A through 11C show various ways of securing embodiments of theradio transmitter and volume monitoring device of the presentdisclosure;

FIGS. 12 and 13 present an alternative embodiment of the radiotransmitter of the present disclosure for securing to the keg opening atthe top of the keg;

FIG. 14 shows a transducer-microphone configuration for use on a collarradio transmitter for determining volume and other properties of a keg;

FIG. 15 illustrates an embodiment of an authenticated attachmentmechanism for securing the radio transmitter to a keg;

FIG. 16 presents a circuit block diagram of the radio transmitterarchitecture according to a preferred embodiment of the presentlydisclosed system;

FIGS. 17A and 17B portray various hardware for use on a delivery truckoperating within the liquid product distribution network of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 18 provides various example events that may influence thetransition of keg states as monitored kegs 14 move from variousgeographic regions;

FIG. 19 shows the arrangement of various kegs 14 on an exemplary mat foruse in the system of the present disclosure;

FIG. 20 illustrates improved keg use, monitoring, and reporting betweenoperations that occur in a cold room and operations that occur in apublic room, such as a restaurant or other location;

FIG. 21 depicts an exemplary radio transmitter signal reader for tagdetection and measurement according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 22 shows the arrangement of a fill reader in association with acold room or other location for detecting and reporting the condition ofa plurality of kegs;

FIG. 23 illustrates exemplary screen of a monitoring device as may beapplied in FIG. 22;

FIGS. 24A and 24B illustrate how the liquid product distribution networkof the present disclosure may sense keg status in a cold room with aclosed metal door.

FIG. 25 depicts a layered construction of a weighing mat according tothe teachings of the present disclosure;

FIG. 26 depicts a weighing or measuring device for integration into theweighing mat of the present disclosure;

FIG. 27 illustrates the association of a keg radio transmitter with aweighing mat of the present disclosure;

FIG. 28 shows a potential configuration of stacked kegs 14 as may bemeasured and monitored using the weighing mat of the present disclosure;

FIGS. 29 through 32 show various screens of a mobile device applicationfor the present disclosure;

FIGS. 33 through 35 illustrate exemplary screens as may find use formobile phones and tablets for detecting and reporting kegs 14 at variouslocations and data applicable to monitoring and reporting of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 36 illustrates a marketing feedback loop of an application of thepresent disclosure.

FIGS. 37A through 37D illustrate data as may be reported by software ofthe present;

FIG. 38 illustrates a account editor display of the system of thepresent; and

FIG. 39 further shows information as may be generated by the system ofthe present disclosure in the delivery of kegs 14 to indicate keginventory and status.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

One or more embodiments of the invention are described below. It shouldbe noted that these and any other embodiments are exemplary and areintended to be illustrative of the invention rather than limiting. Whilethe invention is widely applicable to different types of systems, it isimpossible to include all the possible embodiments and contexts of theinvention in this disclosure. Upon reading this disclosure, manyalternative embodiments of the present invention will be apparent topersons of ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 illustrates the architecture of the liquid product distributionnetwork of the present disclosure. Liquid product distribution network(or distribution network) 10 is a system for monitoring, controllingand/or optimizing flow of products delivered to customers via containersthat flow in a distribution network. Alternatively, distribution network10 is a system for monitoring, controlling and/or optimizing use ofequipment and/or resources that are spread out in a geographic area,move between or among locations, and have usage, contents, or otherstate information associated with them.

FIG. 1 shows distribution network 10 which may be considered to begin atkeg 14 section 12. At keg 14 section 12 a plurality of liquid productcontainers, here kegs 14, may become part of distribution network 10.Through use of sensor and radio transmitters 16 associated with kegs 14,a mesh network 18 results. Mesh network 18 has functions applicable tobreweries 20, trucks 22, warehouses 24, cold rooms 26, restaurants 28,and vendors 30, and even event venues 32.

Sensors/data collection section 34 adjoins keg 14 section 12 as the nextintegral part of distribution network 10. At sensors/data collectionsection 34 may be several devices that receive the output from keg 14section 12. Stationary reader 36 may receive information from meshnetwork 18, as may mobile devices such as mobile device 38, mobiledevice 40, and mobile device 42. Herein, sensing device 36/38 referenceseither stationary reader 36 and/or mobile devices 38, 40, 42 as is mostappropriate in the specific context.

Sensor/data collection section 34 also provides association viainterface 44 with management software, such as ERP system software 46,POS system software 48, and CMS system software 50. ERP system software46 provides functions of brewery management software. POS systemsoftware 48 provides functions of point-of-sale systems. And, CMS systemsoftware 50 provides customer management software functions fordistribution network 10.

Server section 52 provides interface between distribution network 10 andthe Internet 54. Using server computers 52, server section 52 makesaccessible to distribution network 10 all the applications data andother resources that may be on the Internet and as may be applicable tothe operation of distribution network 10.

Reporting/marketing/sales (RMS) section 58 provides accounting andmanagement functions via mobile device 60, which may be any one ofmobile devices 38, 40, or 42. In addition, computers such as desktop ora mainframe computers 62 may interface with distribution network 10 bycommunication with server section 52. Using our RMS section 58,breweries 20, distributors 64, vendors 30, and consumers 66 may benefitfrom the operation of distribution network 10.

Also, as may be considered either an adjunct or part of distributionnetwork 10, there appears delivery section 68. Delivery section 68 mayinclude numerous delivery trucks 70 equipped with various communicationsand display hardware 72 for communication with mesh network 18 andindividual radio transmitters 16 affixed to kegs 14.

In distribution network 10 system, radio transmitters 16 attach to kegs14 or other items being tracked. Kegs 14 being tracked are not fixed ingeographic location, but move based upon the needs of the businesstracking them, and so the transmitters move in geographic location.Stationary reader 36 and mobile devices 38, 40, 42 act as sensors andmay or may not have fixed geographic locations.

Distribution network 10 software permits automatically reporting thelocation of each keg 14, as well as the state and/or the state of thecontents of each keg 14. In many applications, keg 14 state/contenttracking is more important than just keg 14 location. For example, inthe brewing industry, keg 14 may go from “Empty” to “Filled With IPA” to“IPA at Distributor” to “IPA at Customer” to “IPA on Tap at Customer” to“Empty at Customer”, etc. Distribution network 10 software automaticallydetects and updates the known state of the contents of each keg 14, asfollows.

Example events that may influence the transition of state include:entering or exiting a geographic region; arriving near or departing froma stationary reader 36; receiving an input event from a related system;sensors on radio transmitter 14 itself; etc. Kegs 14 have wireless radiotransmitters 16. The location of radio transmitter 16 on keg 14 may beat a variety of locations on keg 14, as may be more advantageous forsensor readings, accuracy of calculations and/or receiving the wirelesssignal. Radio transmitters 16 attach on the outside of keg 14 withoutmodifying or penetrating it, and do not have a direct way to measureliquid level inside or weight of keg 14.

Distribution network 10 software does not have to collect all themeasurements before computing a state transition. Distribution network10 software may be distributed across multiple sensor radio transmitters16, as well as multiple mobile devices 38, as well as stationary readers36, as well as server computers 56 on internet cloud 54. Each of theseis considered a node in distribution network 10. Any node indistribution network 10 may have authority to determine a state changeof a keg 14 or mesh network 18 and then communicate the change to restof distribution network 10. RMS section 58 permits arbitrating all suchstate changes and recording the ultimate state of kegs 14 or meshnetworks 18 for reporting to a user.

There may be buffering/delay between triggering events in the operationof distribution network 10, and the ultimate propagation of statechanges in the rest of distribution network 10. This is becausecollection from radio transmitters 16, sensing and/or gathering of dataat stationary readers 36 or mobile devices 38, communication to a serversection 52 may not occur in real time. For example, the sensing and/orgathering by stationary reader 36 may happen when there is no availableconnection to distribution network 10. In this case, the data isbuffered until a connection is established, and then the keg 14 statechanges propagate through distribution network 10.

Example applications that distribution network 10 enable include keg 14and content tracking, delivery truck 70 communications, industrial orcontractor equipment status and location tracking, shipments, tools anduse, leased items, railroad cars, pets, shopping carts, portabletoilets, storage containers, food or beverage or produce deliverycontainers, fuel cells or containers, etc.

Distribution network 10 enables optimization and efficiency in thedelivery, pickup, and tracking of kegs 14 and/or keg 14 content.Tracking of kegs 14 and detailed knowledge of keg 14 contents makespossible automatic restaurant menu changes, automatic stock ordering,data for supplier manufacturing forecasts, automatic marketing andadvertising messages, automatic and real-time inventory in warehousesand storage areas such as cold rooms, automatic check-in and check-outof containers, and optimization of replenishment delivery schedulesand/or routing. Distribution network 10 also enables determining howlong a keg 14 or similar piece of equipment has been in service fortriggering maintenance schedules, automatically generate invoices,monitoring lease compliance, and generating alarms. Distribution network10 further enables monitoring temperature of contents for legal andregulatory compliance, reporting a “good” state of keg 14 contents, aswell as reporting over/under temperature procedures.

Wireless technologies which distribution network 10 may employ includeBluetooth, Zigbee, Wi-Fi, GPRS, GSM, CDMA, ultrasonic, infrared, etc.;example wired technologies which could be employed are ethernet,optical, serial, etc. Wireless capability 38 means scanning of kegs 14may occur automatically, in the background, without any manualinteraction.

Wireless scanning can occur at a distance without kegs 14 being visible.Wireless scanning can occur at a distance without special equipment. Useof mobile devices 38 means anyone can detect kegs 14 within 100′ radius,said radius depending upon exact capabilities of mobile device. Wirelesscapability allows real-time and automatic determination of containerstatus without manual scanning. Wireless capability allows automatic andreal-time determination of container locations without manual scanning.Radio transmitter may work even inside palletized and stackedcollections of many kegs 14.

By leveraging the known mobile devices 38, radio transmitter 16 does notneed its own GPS and cell radios, allowing it to cost ˜$10 or less.Radio transmitter 16 does not require a monthly cell data plan, has asmall form factor, and can run five years or more on typical lithiumbattery cells. By operating at least five years, the radio transmitteraligns with the normal five-year service cycle of kegs.

Radio transmitter 16 takes advantage of available connection points. Ifstationary reader 36 or mobile device 38 is nearby, radio transmitter 16will default to communicate with that device. However, if neither isnearby, radio transmitter 16 may choose to upgrade communication toWi-Fi. However, if Wi-Fi is not available either, radio transmitter 16may choose to upgrade communication to cell data. In this way,communication is escalated to more expensive mediums only when required.

By using a “store and forward” function, distribution network 10 cansend only summary information (for example, position once a day) overthe cell data network, and save locally the entire history for uploadinglater when a less expensive (i.e. free) medium is available.

Point-of-sale terminal, POS 48, may provide sales data either directlyto sensor/data collection section 34 or to Internet in server section52. Server section 52 aggregates data and performs calculations todetermine fill levels of each keg 14 and delivers resulting data andreports to breweries 20, distributors 64, vendors 30 and/or customers66. Additionally, server section 52 performs actions based upon thedetermined fill data—for example, automatically reordering stock.

Available direct or indirect data communication mechanisms and/orprotocols include wired, wireless, ad-hoc, peer-to-peer, audio, optical,radio, serial, TCP/IP, UDP, Ethernet, etc. Mobile device 38 may have awireless connection to the internet (for example, Wi-Fi) whilestationary reader 36 inside cold room of keg 14 section 12 may require anon-wireless connection (for example, Ethernet or serial line) due tothe walls of a cold room shielding wireless communication.

Distribution network 10 permits the collection of delivery data. Eachradio transmitter 16 has a unique ID, and can store information about akeg 14 to which it attaches either in its own memory, or on servercomputer 56. Such history includes the delivery date to a vendor 30,which product is in keg 14, what type of product it is, when it wasbrewed, when keg 14 was filled, which distributor 64 delivered the keg14, temperature history, etc. If the data is stored on radio transmitter16, another radio transmitter 16 may forward the data using the meshnetwork, and/or stationary reader 36 and/or mobile device 38 receivesthe data and sends it to server section computer 56; otherwise the datais already on server computer 56 and indexed by the unique ID.Additionally, location, market data, sales history and other informationabout a vendor 64 is stored on server compter 56. All this informationis provided for the calculation of keg 14 fill level.

Distribution network 10 permits the collection of data on the locationvia stationary reader 36. By examining the wireless signals receivedfrom each keg 14, stationary reader 36 may determine the distance fromeach of its antenna(s) to each keg 14. This information can be used togenerate a three-dimensional estimate of the location of each keg 14.stationary reader 36 is situated in a cold room to be able to determinethe distance of each keg 14 from tap lines. Typically, stationary reader36 might be placed near where the tap lines go through the wall of acold room into the public dispensing area of vendor 30, and/or situatedvertically to best measure stacked kegs 14 and/or kegs 14 on shelves.The location data is provided to the calculation of keg 14 fill level.

Distribution network 10 permits the collection of data on empty kegs 14.Typical cold rooms are crowded, and empty kegs 14 tend not to be storedin them. A keg 14 leaving the cold room is an indicator of whether thekeg 14 is full or empty—has been tapped or not—and this data is providedto the calculation of keg 14 fill level.

Distribution network 10 permits the collection of data on distance. Thedistance of each keg 14 from the tap wall is an indicator of whether thekeg 14 has been tapped or not, and this data is provided to thecalculation of keg 14 fill level.

Distribution network 10 permits the collection of data on delivery date.Since kegs 14 are typically tapped in the order of delivery, deliverydate is provided to the calculation of keg 14 fill level. Additionally,the delivery date provides a measurement of hysteresis to other eventssuch as a keg 14 leaving the cold room.

Distribution network 10 permits the collection of data on radiotransmitter 16. Distribution network 10 radio transmitters 16 may haveadditional sensors on them (such as temperature, shake sensor, etc.) andstationary reader 36 collects the data from these sensors and providesthem to the calculation of keg 14 fill level.

Distribution network 10 permits the collection of data on inputs to thekeg 14 fill level calculation. Stationary reader 36, mobile devices 38,and radio transmitters 16 permit the collection of data which is fedinto methods that determine the fill level of each keg 14.

Distribution network 10 permits the collection of data on productinformation. Distribution network 10 knows the brand and product in eachkeg 14, and thereby the type of product (IPA, Pilsner, Porter, Bock,etc.). The brand, product, type of product, and current sales rate foreach such product is provided to the calculation of keg 14 fill level.

Distribution network 10 permits the collection of data on keg 14history. Server section 52 collects historical data (such as sale ratefor each brand, product, type, etc.) for each calendar day (for example,workdays vs holidays) and day of week (for example, weekday vs weekend)and provides this to the calculation of keg 14 fill level.

Distribution network 10 permits the collection of data on vendors 30.Server section 52 stores information about each vendor 30 (e.g., zipcode, historical sales data, etc.) and this data is provided to thecalculation of keg 14 fill level.

Distribution network 10 permits the collection of the importance of eachdata item to the calculation of keg 14 fill level. Importance weightsare calculated from the provided input values, and then applied to eachinput value along with threshold values to determine probability answersto the following questions:

Is the keg 14: (1) full and staged to be tapped; (2) actually on tap; or(3) emptied and off tap?

If (2) the keg 14 is on tap, how full is it?

If the keg 14 is not yet empty, when is it expected to be empty?

What is the rate of consumption of the product in each keg 14 at theVendor 30?

A margin of error is also determined for the answer to each of theabove, and the margin of error feeds back into the calculation. When thecalculated probability answer is determined to be above a set thresholdfor each question, the question is considered to have the given answer.

Certain input data provides a verified answer to a question. Forexample, a keg 14 being returned to a distributor 64 after having beendelivered to a vendor 30 and staying in the cold room long enough to beemptied, calculations could verify that keg 14 has been emptied. As kegs14 are verified to have transitioned from being on tap to being emptiedand off tap, the previous time estimates are compared against the actualtime, and feedback is applied into the calculation to improve theestimates.

Distribution network 10 also supports actions that may be triggeredbased upon the results of the calculations. For example: automaticreordering; updating a web site or public display of the products on tapor scheduled to be on tap; notifying interested users of the current orexpected state(s) of keg(s)—for example, notifying a sponsor of a keg 14that their keg 14 is about to go on tap, is on tap, or has been emptied;feeding the rate of keg 14 emptying into product forecasts; etc.

An alternative embodiment of distribution network 10 may not includestationary reader 36. When it is not possible to install a stationaryreader 36 inside a vendor 30 cold room, radio transmitter 16 on the kegs14 are able to act in a bi-directional mode. In this mode, data iscommunicated between the kegs 14 about their position and/or todetermine their position in the cold room and/or calculate their filllevel. Each keg 14 stores all or part of the data about the kegs 14 inthe cold room, and later when a keg 14 leaves the cold room, the datastored on the transmitter is uploaded to server section 52. This uploadcould occur via a mobile device 38; automatically in the background bycoming into proximity with an app a mobile device 38; automatically whenthe keg 14 encounters a stationary reader outside the cold room; whenthe keg 14 returns to distributor 64 or brewery 20; or by any othersuitable contact with the radio transmitter 16.

FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of one embodiment of the radio transmitter16 of the present disclosure. The assembly of radio transmitter 16includes inner housing 81 which may cover printed circuit board(PCB)/battery assembly 82. Once assembled, inner housing 81 andPCB/battery assembly 82 may be positioned within outer housing 84. Notethat FIGS. 2 through 7 show one possible housing; FIGS. 12 and 13,below, show another possible housing as collar radio transmitter 142.

FIG. 3 shows a three-dimensional view of the PCB and battery assembly ofone embodiment of the present disclosure including components forperforming the disclosed functions. FIG. 3 further shows the generalconstruction for PCB/battery assembly 82 including battery 86, whichaffixes to PCB 94. On the opposite side of a PCB 94 from battery 86appears sensors 90, which includes temperature and other sensors, andantenna 92. CODEC/DSP 96 may also be seen on PCB 88. FIG. 15, below,provides more explanation in detail regarding the electronic circuitryresiding on PCB 94.

Radio transmitter 16 is less than 1″ high so that it fits on bottomchime of keg 14, as shown below in FIG. 11A. The shape of the curve isoptimized to fit three sizes of kegs. Radio transmitter 16 does notextend the boundaries of keg 14 in any dimension. As such, employingdistribution network 10 requires no physical changes to the vendors 30lines, valves, or handles.

Using rechargeable battery 86 allows the radio transmitter 16 to becompletely sealed, where only electrical contacts on the outsideprovided to charge the battery. Radio transmitter 16 includes a on boardtemperature sensor to monitor keg 14 temperature. A shake sensordetermines if keg 14 is in transit. A sensor header 91 may alsoaccommodate additional sensors. Antenna 92 orientation/polarizationmaximizes radio transmission strength from either the top or the bottomof keg 14. Battery 86 is sized to fit under keg 14 rim and to get atleast a 5-year life. Battery 86 may be soldered to PCB 88 to reducecost. Distribution network 10 measuring system is not continuouslypowered, thus saving power when not taking measurements.

FIG. 4 shows and assembled radio transmitter 16 according to theteachings of the present disclosure, wherein width 92 appears less than1 inch in order that radio transmitter 16 may fit on either the top orthe bottom chime of a keg 14. Radio transmitter 16 further includes acurved edge 94 that may fit at least three different types of known keg14 configurations at points along curved edge 94. A single curved backmate to each size keg 14 at different points along the curve, andepoxy/foam tape takes up the small amount of space for each size.Attachment may be by either a rivet, such as at point 96, or by epoxy,such as at space 98, for securely positioning radio transmitter 16 onkeg 14. Waterproof IP67 achieved by epoxy sealing halves as well asbonding to keg 14. This eliminates the need for O-ring or seals. Epoxyrequires no surface preparation, reducing installation time and cost.

Outer housing 84 includes a “break away” layer to allow destructiveprying of the tag loose from epoxy when battery 86 runs out. Airspace ininner housing 80 is minimized to achieve an air tight seal. Use of avery small, long “capillary” tube allows pressure venting if necessarywhile still maintaining waterproofness. Outer housing 84 includes aunique serial number, bar code, QR code, or other coding visible on itsouter side. Note that the outer housing 84 serial number may bedifferent from radio serial number to discourage spoofing. Outer housing84 may include variety of tamper resistant mechanisms for preventingunauthorized removable of radio transmitter 16. Outer housing 84 mayalso include an integrated desiccant container for protecting againstmoisture condensation in varying temperatures.

FIG. 5 depicts an exemplary mode of attaching radio transmitter 16 ofthe present disclosure to keg 14 rim 100. For example, using an epoxylayer 102, attachment of radio transmitter 16 may be secure andwaterproof to protect PCB/batteries assembly 82. Epoxy layer 102 may beapplied to attachment space 98 which provides a small volume into whichan enough proxy may be applied for a firm setting of radio transmitter16 on keg 14 rim 100. By using the same epoxy that mounts housing to keg14 to also seal the joint between housing halves, manufacturing stepscan be skipped. Housing 84 allows radio transmitter 16 to interface withthree-dimensional curved keg 14 surfaces, maximizing adhesion andprotection afforded by keg 14 chime, while minimizing heat transfer fromthe keg 14 body. Housing 84 can be completely sealed but still able tobe turned on when mounted.

An alternate switch configuration using a sticker to seal opening forpin which activates a switch to turn on radio transmitter 16 may beused. In this configuration, a one-time activation is not reversible.Similar pin holes also used to activate “connection mode” formaintenance of radio transmitter 16. Such a sticker may cover hole(s)and make a water tight seal; edges of a sticker protected by inset edgein outer housing 84 cut-away. Alternately, a waterproof on/off switchvia screw can be used which activates hardware switch.

FIG. 6 shows an alternate switch configuration employing the keg 14metal surface to turn on radio transmitter 16. Metal contact pins 104and 106 may appear outside of inner housing 80 for connecting associatedcircuitry on PCB/battery assembly 82 for creating a conductive circuit.That is, contact pin 104 may make electrical contact with keg 14 rim100, which permit electrical current flow to contact pin 106. Theresulting circuit uses minimal voltage, and current to provideindication that radio transmitter 16 is firmly secured on the keg 14 rim100. Note, also, that at attachment point 96, radio transmitter 16 maybe securely positioned on keg 14 rim 100.

Radio transmitter 16 is protected under the existing rolled keg 14 rim100. Pins contacting the metal shell of the keg 14 closes a circuit toactivate a switch. The housing can be completely sealed but still ableto be turned on when mounted. Using a rechargeable battery allows theunit to be completely sealed, and only electrical contacts on theoutside provided to charge the battery. Providing and inductive loop orother contactless charging mechanism allows the electrical penetrationof the housing to be avoided, decreasing manufacturing cost, andallowing less precise interface between housing and charging station.

FIG. 7 shows an exemplary embodiment of an outer housing 84 for holdingand securing the radio transmitter 16 to keg 14 rim 100. In FIG. 7,outer housing 84 secures to keg 14 rim 100 using screws or otherfastening mechanism 108. Inner housing 80 may rest within outer housing84 for securely positioning PCB/battery assembly 82 at keg 14 rim 100.In one embodiment, a permanent seat/shell 84 is permanently attached tokeg 14, and inner housing 16 is a removable portion that can beserviced. Because radio transmitter 16 uniquely identifies the keg 14,distributor 64 and brand, the status of the keg 14 may be automaticallyrelayed to brewery 20 or distributor 64.

FIGS. 8A through 8C depict a radio transmitter fixing mechanism forsecuring the radio transmitter of the present disclosure to keg 14 rim100. In the example of FIGS. 8A through 8C, a hook mechanism 110 mayengage an existing feature of keg 14, such as the handle opening orchime 114. Chime 114 is a constituent part of a keg 14 including rim100, rolled edge 112 and keg 14 rim wall 114. Attachment mechanism 110may be fixed in position between keg 14 top surface 116 and chime rollededge 112 such that it cannot be removed without releasing the attachmentmechanism. The mechanism expands into the space between rolled rim 112and rim wall 114, and keg 14 body 116 and rim wall 114.

In another instantiation, hook mechanism 120 engages an existing featureon the keg 14 (such as the handle opening or the rim of chime). Inanother instantiation, the radio transmitter 16 attaches to keg 14 likea “secure bracelet” around a chime 122 opening in keg 14 rim 100, hookmechanism 120 is then used to secure back to itself or an extension ofouter housing 84.

Radio transmitter 16 may also be mounted on chime 114 of keg 14, insteadof the keg 14 body 116. The transfer of heat from the keg 14 body tochime 114 is along a seam, so heat transfers slowly and typicalbatteries 86 can be used. Radio transmitter 16 is protected under theexisting rolled keg 14 rim 112 on either the top or bottom of keg 14.PCB/battery assembly 82 is designed to fit in both cases. For top chime122 attachment example, button cell batteries may be used. For a bottomchime (shown below), a cylindrical cell battery is used. Outer housing84 has a curved back to mate well with chime 122.

FIG. 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure whereinat keg rim 100 radio transmitter 16 may attach using a secure bracelet118. Radio transmitter 16 attaches around keg 14 chime 122 of keg rim114. Bracelet 128 passes through an opening of keg rim wall 114 and backonto itself have a fastening point 120 of radio transmitter outerhousing 84 into which bracelet end 122 secures.

FIG. 10 depicts one embodiment of a fluid level measurement mechanismwhich includes the use of a battery powered ball 124 for determining thevolume of beer 126 within keg 14. In this configuration, hermeticallysealed ball 124 transmits a periodic signal wirelessly or mechanicallythat can be detected through the metal of keg 14. Ball 124 can withstandthe high temperature cleaning cycle and the chemicals used in keg 14preparation for reuse. By placing one or more detection or communicationdevices on the outside of keg 14, such as listening device 128 and/or130, measuring characteristics of the receives signals, e. g., soundreflections, strength, harmonics, etc., the amount of air or liquid inkeg 14 may be determined. Communication can be bi-directional whereinball 124 may receive a signal wirelessly or mechanically transmittingfrom outside of keg 14. Using bi-directional communication, it ispossible for the ball to store data locally; to perform reset functions;to measure received signals and modify the signal and return it back.The attenuation of a received signal due to the ball being in liquid vs.air helps determine volume of liquid in keg 14.

The ball may be battery powered or mechanically powered. An examplemechanical power source could be a wound spring, or the expansion andcontraction caused by the heating/cooling cycle for keg 14. With ameasurement from fluid level measurement mechanism communicated viaradio transmitter 16, distribution network 10 may automatically relayfill data to the correct brewery 20/distributor 64. The Distributionnetwork 10 mechanism requires no changes to the vendors 30 lines,valves, or handles. The Distribution network 10 radio and sensor networkcan automatically relay fill data to the desired brewery 20 and/ordistributor 64.

FIGS. 11A through 11C show various ways of securing embodiments of radiotransmitter 16 and a volume monitoring device of the present disclosure.FIG. 11A shows radio transmitter 16 attached at keg 14 bottom 134 on theinner portion of keg 14 lower chime 136. Radio transmitter 16 can behidden under keg 14 lower chime 136, where a person does not see it toknow keg 14 is being tracked. Using the acoustic properties of keg 14,radio transmitter 16 and distribution network 10 may measure liquidlevel from the outside of the keg 14.

FIG. 11 B shows one instantiation of flow detection fill sensor 138 foruse with keg 14. In addition to radio transmitter 16, which may affix tosidewall 139 of keg 14, there appears microphone 138 forming part of afill level measurement system for keg 14. Microphone 138 capturesambient noise. The captured ambient noise may be subtracted from thesignal measured from keg 14 to isolate noise coming from inside keg 14.Distribution network 10 sound measuring system isolates acousticmeasurements by using ambient noise cancellation while timingmeasurements to correspond with an acoustic impulse generated by theimmediate keg.

FIG. 11C shows another embodiment of radio transmitter 16 as collarradio transmitter 142. Collar radio transmitter 142 may be placed aroundkeg outlet 144 to measure fluid going through keg outlet 144. Collarradio transmitter 142 may also extend past the top of keg 14, eithersurrounding our extending the connection to keg 14. Collar radiotransmitter 142 may be loose around keg outlet 144 to fall away from thekeg 14 body during sanitation, i.e., when keg 14 is upside down. So,when keg 14 is hot from cleaning, collar radio transmitter 142 does notcontact the main body of keg 14. When keg 14 is returned to an uprightposition, collar radio transmitter 142 falls back in place and contactsthe main body for operational use. When keg 14 is in an uprightposition, collar radio transmitter 142 contacts the main body of keg 14for generating acoustic impulse and/or measuring acoustic properties ofkeg 14. Keg 14 collar radio transmitter 142 may be loose to facilitatecleaning around and below it. By enabling easy cleaning around and belowit, collar radio transmitter 142 allows a keg 14 owner to maintain asterile environment for product entering and exiting keg 14 through kegoutlet 144.

FIGS. 12 and 13 present an alternative embodiment of radio transmitter16 of the present disclosure for securing to keg opening 144 at the topof keg 14. Collar radio transmitter 142 positions under keg cap 140. Kegcap 140 removes by using self-destructive tab 141 which releases cap butalso makes cap unusable by peeling away side of keg cap 140. Collarradio transmitter 142 can sense whether keg cap 140 is present or not.The event of removal of keg cap 140 is used by distribution network 10.By using keg cap 140, distribution network 10 may determine with highprobability if keg 14 has been put on tap. A vendor 30 will usually notremove keg cap 140 until the keg 14 is put on tap, because keg cap 140keeps dirt and food out of the keg opening 144. Collar radio transmitter142 secures to keg opening 144 by way of a friction fit or otherflexible configuration 145 that secures collar radio transmitter 142 tokeg opening 144 and prevents removal unless permitted by an authorizedperson. Such a securing mechanism may be a locking mechanism, ratchetingmechanism, hidden tabs or other friction mechanism that preventsremoving collar radio transmitter 142. By allowing collar radiotransmitter 142 to be locked, distribution network 10 can insure thatcollar radio transmitter 142 is in place, except during maintenance byauthorized person.

Collar radio transmitter mates 142 mechanically with the top surface ofkeg 14 and the keg opening 144 so that it can withstand impacts andloadings associated with normal existing handling of full or empty kegs.Collar radio transmitter 142 does not extend the existing boundaries ofkeg 14 so that it may be handled and stacked normally. No changes arerequired to the vendors 30 lines, valves, handles or processes;distributors 64 pallets or processes; delivery truck 70 equipment orprocesses; or the brewery 20 automated fill and cleaning equipment,storage systems or processes.

Collar radio transmitter 142 may also have additional functionalitybeyond functionality residing in the present embodiment of radiotransmitter 16. The additional volume of collar radio transmitter 130makes possible and ever expanding set of functions and supportingelectronics for collar radio transmitter 142 to operates withindistribution network 10.

FIG. 14 shows a transducer-microphone configuration for use on collarradio transmitter 142 in determining volume and other properties of keg14. FIG. 14 shows collar radio transmitter 142 surrounding keg opening144 and including transmitter T1 148 and microphone M1 150. A signalproduced at T1 148 is picked up by M1 150 after being modified by thefill level in keg 14. As a result of varying signal measurements, adetermination of the associated fill level is possible. This informationcan be processed by collar radio transmitter 142 and then communicatedthrough distribution network 10.

FIG. 15 illustrates an embodiment of an authenticated attachmentmechanism 160 for securing radio transmitter 16 to keg 14. Authenticatedattachment mechanism 160 provides a secure attachment of radiotransmitter 16 to keg 14, while allowing nondestructivedetaching/replacement by only authorized parties. Authenticatedattachment mechanism 160 operates within radio transmitter 16 outerhousing 84 and attaches to hook and catch 162. Mechanical hook and catch162 provides a permanent fixture for securing radio transmitter 16 tokeg 14. The hook 162 is hidden from external tampering—only an internalactuator (electromagnet, motor, etc.) can disengage the hook. Engagementarm 164 inserts into recess 166 with a spring force from spring 168.Engagement arm 164 actuates under control of actuator 170 to withdrawfrom recess 166 in response to a signal from CPU 172. Antenna 174 mayreceive an actuation signal from an external source for actuatingengagement arm 164 under the control of CPU 172. Battery 86 may provideactuation power for CPU 172 operation to control actuator 170.Authenticated attachment mechanism 160 further provides external voltagepads 180 that permit electric power to enter outer housing 84, allowingthe internal actuator circuit to be powered temporarily in the event ofbatter failure or for charging rechargeable battery 86. These pins areelectrically isolated from the battery to prevent current leakage.Alternatively, digital connection 182 may provide an optional digitalsignal input for control of CPU 172 for actuator operation.

Authenticated attachment mechanism 160 allows a distributor 64 or vendor30 or event venue 32 to place radio transmitter 16 on kegs 14 only whilethey are in their possession and remove them before kegs are returnedand no longer in their possession. Authenticated attachment mechanism160 may require a secret digital passkey to actuate engagement arm 164.A digital secure key is transmitted to radio transmitter 16 wirelesslyvia antenna 174. CPU 172 verifies the digital secure key by severalpossible means. By using a digital key as opposed to a mechanical key,no water entry points are introduced into outer housing 84, the space ofa mechanical key is avoided, and manufacturing cost is reduced. By usinga digital key, every keg 14 may can have a unique digital lock code, anddigital keys are easy to manage using software.

A secure mechanism requiring a secret digital passkey is used to latchradio transmitter 16 to keg 14. By using a digital key, no water entrypoints are introduced, the space of a mechanical key is avoided, andmanufacturing cost is reduced. By using a digital key, every keg 14 canhave a unique digital lock code, and keys are easy to manage usingsoftware. Breaking one lock does not expose any other locks.

FIG. 16 presents a radio transmitter electronic circuitry 190 blockdiagram according to a preferred embodiment of the presently disclosedsystem. Radio transmitter electronic circuitry 190 includesradio/processing module 96 which connects to temperature sensor 192 andCODEC/DSP 194. The analog-to-digital circuit (ADC) 196 ofradio/processing module 96 receives output 198 from temperature sensor192. Also, through general purpose input/output (GPIO) 200,radio/processing module 96 provides collector voltage (VCC) 202 totemperature sensor 192. At VCC 204, rechargeable battery 86 provides 2-to 3-volt operating power to radio/processing module 96. CODEC/DSP 194interfaces radio/processing module 96 at inter-integrated circuit/serialperipheral interface (I2C/SPI) 206 of radio processing module 96 withI2C/SPI interface 208. Through inter-integrated circuit sound/generalpurpose input-out (I2S/GPIO) interface 210, radio/processing module 96interfaces I2S/GPIO interface 212 of CODEC/DSP 194. CODEC/DSP 194connects to transducer 148 via digital to analog converter interface(DAC) 214. Also, CODEC/DSP 194 interfaces microphone/sensor 150 at ADCinterface 216. Antenna 174 provides provide input to Rf Interface 218.

Radio transmitter electronic circuitry 190 leverages mobile devices 38to 42 and stationary readers 36 of distribution network 10 to not needseparate GPS and cell radio circuitry. The result is that radiotransmitter 16 achieves a production cost of approximately $10 or less.Moreover, for operation of distribution network 10, radio transmitter 16does not require a monthly cell data plan, has a small form factor, andmay run five years on typical lithium battery cells. By operating fiveyears, radio transmitter 16 allows distribution network 10 to align withthe normal five-year service cycle of kegs 14 from most breweries anddistributors. The radio design of radio transmitter 16 also may workinside stacks of metal kegs, as discussed in more detail below.

Radio transmitter electronic circuitry 190 includes firmware capable ofoperating in several modes. Radio transmitter electronic circuitry 190operates in a non-connectable mode upon deployment security and batterylife preservation. Radio transmitter electronic circuitry 190 enters aconnectable mode only either temporarily during boot or via switch/padon PCB 88. Radio transmitter electronic circuitry 190 operates in aconnectable mode that is protected by asymmetric encryption andauthentication and provides authenticated pairing without bonding. Radiotransmitter electronic circuitry 190 operates in a mode for pairing apasscode that is generated algorithmically based upon broadcasted major,minor numbers and shared secret. This mode may optionally use timestamp,serial number of board, etc. Radio transmitter electronic circuitry 190may further operate in a connectable mode for updating the radiotransmitter 16 serial number and other parameters after manufacturing,but before deployment.

Distribution network 10 accommodates a variety of roles for variousdevices/components. Such devices include radio transmitter 16, collarradio transmitter 142, stationary reader 36, mobile devices 38 and 60,server computers 56, and RMS section computers 62. Here functions aredescribed as appropriate for the various devices/components capable ofperforming such functions.

A device operating as a central device scans for advertisers and caninitiate connections. Such a device operates as a master in one or moreconnections. Good examples are mobile devices 38 and computers 62. Thismeans that the device roles used for established connections are theperipheral and the central roles. The other two device roles are usedfor one-directional communication. A broadcaster function applies to anon-connectable advertiser, for example, a temperature sensor 192 thatbroadcasts the current temperature, or a radio transmitter 16. Anobserver function scans for advertisements, but cannot initiateconnections. This could be a remote display on a mobile device 38 thatreceives the temperature data and presents it, or tracking the radiotransmitter 16.

The two obvious device roles for radio transmitter 16 applications areperipheral and broadcaster. Both send the same type of advertisementsexcept for one specific flag that indicates if it is connectable ornon-connectable.

A Bluetooth low energy solution is ideal for radio transmitter 16,because it is low power and the eco-system is already deployed in mostsmartphones or other Bluetooth Smart Ready enabled devices on themarket. The low-power consumption is achieved by keeping thetransmission time as short as possible and allowing the device to gointo sleep mode between the transmissions.

The non-connectable radio transmitter 16 is a Bluetooth low energydevice in broadcasting mode. It simply transmits information that isstored internally. Because the non-connectable broadcasting does notactivate any receiving capabilities, it achieves the lowest possiblepower consumption by simply waking up, transmit data and going back tosleep. This comes with the drawback of dynamic data being restricted towhat is only known to the device, or data being available throughexternal input from example serial protocols (universal asynchronousreceiver/transmitter (UART), serial peripheral interface (SPI),universal serial bus (USB), and so forth).

The connectable radio transmitter 16 is a Bluetooth low energy device inperipheral mode, which means that it cannot only transmit, but alsoreceive as well. This allows a central device (for example, a mobiledevice 38) to connect and interact with services implemented on radiotransmitter 16. Services provide one or more characteristics that couldbe modified by a peer device. One example of these characteristic couldbe a string of data that represents the broadcasted information. Thisway, it is possible to have a configurable radio transmitter 16 that iseasily updated over the air.

FIGS. 17A and 17B portray various hardware for use on a delivery truckoperating within distribution network 10 of the present disclosure.Truck 70 may be any type of delivery truck capable of deliveringnumerous kegs 14 for populating keg 14 section 12 of liquid productdistribution network 10. In delivery section 68, truck 70 also includesthe ability to interface with radio transmitter 16 or collar radiotransmitter 142. The interface for which truck 70 is capable derivesfrom truck reader 230 which may be positioned beneath seat 232. Truckreader 230 is a communications device that connects with various antennaincluding cell antenna 234 or Bluetooth antenna 236, for example.Moreover, truck 70 may use GPS antenna 238, OBD2 connection 240, and/orWi-Fi antenna 242. FIG. 17B shows an alternative configuration wherebytablet 244 may provide various functions associated with controllingdelivery operations and monitoring delivery operations consistent withthe optimal operations of liquid product distribution network 10.

If truck 70 is parked in range of home office Wi-Fi, updates can bebatch downloaded via Wi-Fi when truck 70 returns to home office. Thismay save cell phone data charges. Hardware is designed with a mainprocessor in a housing with the GPS antenna 238, Wi-Fi antenna 242,Bluetooth antenna 236 and cellular connection either located internallyor externally via wires to enable remote antenna placement. Truck reader230 optionally connects to vehicle's OBD2 connection 240 for powerand/or diagnostic data. Each of the four antennas can be internal orexternal—external via wires allows flexible placement.

Truck reader 230 allows real-time inventory by putting the antennas atthe end of wires. Truck reader 230 main unit can be hidden and/or madesecure under the dash or seats 232. By connecting the ODB2 port 240 intruck 70, truck reader 230 is easy to install and can collect mileage,speed and other data from the vehicle.

By integrating Wi-Fi antenna 242, truck reader 230 may perform a “storeand forward” function of collecting data during the day andautomatically download it at night when truck 70 returns to base. Wi-Fiantenna 242 may also operate as a Wi-Fi access point inside truck 70. Assuch, tablet 244, for example, may have an internet connection as truck70 drives around. The truck 70 driver's cellular phone can also useWi-Fi antenna 242 to incorporate security, logging and firewallfeatures.

Using truck 70 as a Wi-Fi access point, truck reader 230 may sendmessages, alerts, instructions, new routes to the driver in real time.As a Wi-Fi access point, truck 70 may connect a display to the tablet244 to display maps, instructions, alerts and other data to the driver.Truck reader 230 system acts as a knowledge base for delivery drivers,enabling them to keep track of information they need to make deliveries.Such information may include instructions on where to park, lock codesor access codes, best time of day to make deliveries, customer contactsand instructions, etc. Distribution network 10 system may use truckreader 230 to provide real-time monitoring of trucks and drivers. Forexample, truck reader 230 may permit determining which driver is nearestto a required delivery, whether drivers stay on their routes or makeunscheduled stops, etc.

Truck reader 230 may act as a Wi-Fi hotspot, allowing connected clientsto access the Internet over the cell modem connection. Normal Wi-Fipassword protection and encryption is used to prevent unauthorized useof the connection. When acting as a Wi-Fi hotspot, tablet 244 is used asthe screen/GUI. This allows sophisticated mapping, routing, invoicingand other functions to be written on the tablet and integrated withtruck reader 230 sensor data.

The truck reader 230 may function independently of any mobile devices(phones, tablets) in truck 70. Software on truck reader 230 and ontablet 244 can communicate with each other and divide computation,communication, and display processing. Depending on tablet 244capability, truck reader 230 offloads functions to the tablet, andvice-versa. For example, 244 includes a cell modem connection to theInternet, software on tablet 244 may receive keg 14 data and transmitssuch data to server section 52 of distribution network 10.

Truck reader 230 software may determine when kegs 14 come in range(i.e., get loaded on vehicle) or go out of range (i.e., are deliveredfrom truck 70). By accessing the known history of a keg 14 from radiotransmitter 16, truck reader 230 may determine whether an empty is beingpicked up or a full being delivered.

Truck reader 230 allows real-time inventory of a truck. By putting theantennas at the end of wires, truck reader 230 may be hidden and/or madesecure under the dash or seats. By connecting the ODB2 port 240 in truck70, truck reader 230 is easy to install and can collect mileage, speedand other data from truck 70.

Hand-offs between radio transmitters 16 and locations can determinestate changes. For example, if a keg 14 was detected by a cold roomstationary reader 36, but then is no longer detected by that stationaryreader 36, and then is detected by truck reader 230, might cause a statechange to “being delivered.”

As further example, distribution network 10 system may have determined akeg 14 has been delivered to a vendor 30, such as a restaurant or bar,but may not know which vendor 30 or exactly when. When a mobile device38 detects the presence of the keg 14 at a location, distributionnetwork 10 then determines which vendor 30 the keg 14 went to, and canretroactively determine the delivery schedule and other informationbecause it now knows which vendor 30 received the keg 14.

Distribution network 10 software reports truck 70 driver activity backto a distributor 64 home office, which information may includeunscheduled stops, driving speed, etc. Distribution network 10 softwareallows remote management and monitoring of truck reader 230. When atruck 70 driver visits a known account, the last inventory at theaccount can be viewed by the driver on tablet 244, for example.Distribution network 10 software automatically manages depositinformation, such as how many kegs 14 are at each keg 14 section 12location, and determines that keg 14 section 12 location's rollingdeposit fee. The deposit information automatically propagates back toinvoices, accounting, etc. and may be used as a double check against thetruck 70 driver's entered data.

FIG. 18 provides various example events that may influence thetransition of keg 14 states as monitored kegs 14 18 move from variousgeographic regions in distribution network 10. In FIG. 18, kegs 14 A, B,and C, represent the liquid product containers within keg 14 section 12.Items 1 30 through 7 254 represent various mobile devices 30 andstationary readers 36, etc. Region X 244, region Y 246, and region Z 248represent geographic regions participating within distribution network10.

By collecting data on the location and history of kegs 14, distributionnetwork 10 determines state transitions. Some of the state transitionsare determined retroactively. For example, a lack of readings after aperiod of time may retroactively determine a state transition thatoccurred at the beginning of the period. Hand-offs between radiotransmitters 16, stationary readers 36, and mobile devices 38 candetermine state changes. For example, a keg 14 that was detected by acold room stationary reader 36, but then is no longer detected by thatstationary reader 36, then is detected by a truck reader 230, mightcause a state change to “being delivered.”

Distribution network 10 may have determined a keg 14 has been deliveredto a vendor 30 (i.e., customer such as restaurant/bar), but may not knowwhich vendor 30 or exactly when. When a mobile device 38detects/contacts the presence of the keg 14 at a location, distributionnetwork 10 then determines which vendor 30 received the keg, and canretroactively determine the delivery schedule and other informationbecause it now knows which vendor 30 received the keg 14.

Using the store and forward function, a mobile device 38 may downloadhistorical information from the radio transmitter 16 when it detects theradio transmitter 16 at a vendor 30. Using mesh network 18 and store andforward at a vendor 30, an arriving keg 14 18 can communicate itsarrival to the other kegs 14 at the vendor 30. When one of the olderkegs 14 leaves the vendor 30 and returns to the brewery 20, it forwardsthe information from the keg 14 that newly arrived while it was at thevendor 30.

Because radio transmitter 16 uniquely identifies the keg 14, distributorand brand, the status of the keg 14 can be automatically relayed to thebrewery 20 and/or distributor 64. The distribution network 10 mechanismfor determining how full is each keg 14 attaches to the keg 14 and doesnot require shifting of kegs 14 on scales. Distribution network 10 usesthe communications of radio transmitter 16 and stationary reader37/mobile device 38 to automatically relay fill data to the correctbrewery 20 and/or distributor 64.

Referring further to FIG. 18, distribution network 10 performsparticularly attractive operations upon entering or exiting a geographicregion. Geographic regions are defined such that when a sensing device36/38 is within a region locates or otherwise detects a radiotransmitter 16, the keg 14 to which the radio transmitter 16 attachesmay be considered to have “entered” the geographic region. This decisionmay be based upon the relative locations of both the keg 14 and thesensing device 36/38 relative to the Region.

In FIG. 18, keg 14 A 14 is detected by sensing device 36/38 1 to beinside Region X; likewise keg B 14 is detected by sensing device 36/38 7to be inside Region Y. If a sensing device 36/38 is determined to be ina region, but items are not detected, then any items that werepreviously determined to be in the region may be determined to have“exited” the region. In FIG. 18, sensing device 36/38 5 is inside RegionZ but keg C 14 is not detected. Hysteresis may be applied to allow timefor keg C 14 to be detected or not detected. Stationary reader 36/mobiledevice 38 6 can detect keg C 14, but is not within a defined geographicregion, so sensing device 36/38 6 confirms keg C 14 is no longer inRegion Z. At any given time, a sensing device 36/38 may be able todetect or not detect multiple kegs 14, and may be in or not in anynumber of (possibly overlapping) regions.

Depending on the geographic region the detection occurs within, how faraway from the sensing device 36/38 the keg 14 is determined, etc., thedistribution network 10 software determines which state transitionsshould occur. A geographic location can be determined by severalfactors: the GPS reading on a sensing device 36/38; the Wi-Fi networkthe sensing device 36/38 is near or connected to; being “near” toanother sensing device 36/38 that has a predicted location; detection ofwireless networks or topologies, triangulation using signal strength,etc.

Triangulation can be used to pinpoint location. For example, thereceived signal strengths of a radio transmitter 16 at one or morereceiving stations are correlated to determine the most accuratelocation of the transmitter in relation to the stations. The receivingstations may be nodes in a wireless distribution network, and thereforeknowing the node and received signal strength at that node allowsdetermination of a probability distribution for the location of theradio transmitter 16. This probability distribution can be influenced byadditional data such as known locations of buildings or otherinterference structures, data packet loss, vehicle speed, receivedsignal strength of additional transmitters, relative location of othernearby items, “crowdedness” of items, etc.

In some cases, the location of a sensing device 36/38 may be assigned astatic location (for example, if the sensing device 36/38 is notexpected to move). In this case, any items coming within a certaindistance of the sensor could change cause a state change for the item.

Distribution network 10 software has a programming interface throughwhich it can retrieve and/or receive updates from other systems or inputmethods. These updates may cause a change in state. Example systems andinput methods are automated assembly lines; content filling systems;point of sale systems; shipping and receiving systems; etc. The datafrom these input methods may be combined with any of the other detectionmechanisms to reach a conclusion. For example, if the shipping systemindicates five kegs 14 were picked up, and simultaneously five itemswere detected to leave a geographic region, then distribution network 10may decide those five kegs 14 were the kegs 14 picked up, and add theserial numbers of the kegs 14 to the shipping invoice.

Keg 14 serial numbers can be automatically and accurately correlatedwith no manual labor. Deposits can be automatically and accuratelycorrelated with no manual counting. Inventory is maintained accuratelyand automatically with no manual counting. Keg 14 contents, fill dates,etc., can be easily looked up using a normal mobile phone without anymanual scanning or searching. Kegs 14 can be automatically andaccurately flagged for service based upon number of turns in the field.Distribution network 10 automatically reports back where each keg 14 isand how full it is without any manual checking.

By collecting data on the location and history of kegs 14, distributionnetwork 10 system determines state transitions. Some of the statetransitions are determined retroactively. For example, a lack ofreadings after a short while may retroactively determine a statetransition that occurred at the beginning of the period.

FIG. 19 shows the arrangement of various kegs 14 on an exemplaryweighing mat 250 for use in distribution network 10. The mat may beconstructed to have predetermined locations for kegs, or allow kegs tobe arbitrarily positioned. On weighing mat 250 appear predetermined keg14 locations 252 on which to store a keg 14. Design 254 depicts the useof a distributor 64 or brewery 20 logos upon which to position keg 14.Design 254 indicates that the keg 14 contains beer of the company whoselogo appears on mat location 252.

Weighing mat 250 provides a thin, stationary cushion or surface uponwhich may be placed under one or more kegs 14 and integrates withshelving (or the floor) unobtrusively. Weight mat 250 allows kegs 14 tobe shifted around arbitrarily within a cold room or other keg 14 section12 location. Weight mat 250 may integrate branding so that a given typeof keg 14 is correlated to location 252. A brewery 20 can sponsor theirportion of weighing mat 250, allowing the total area of weighing mat 250to build up over time. Weighing mat 250 determines wirelessly usingradio transmitter 16 where kegs 14 are on weighing mat 250, to determinewhich exact keg 14 is being weighed.

Weighing mat 250 has a low profile (less than 1″) so that existingvendor 30 shelving units can be used. Weighing mat 250 preferably has asloped front edge so that kegs 14 may be easily slid a top surface.Weight mat 250 may have one or more ridges/grooves corresponding tomultiple keg 14 sizes or layout positions. Weight mat 250 does not haveto be square, and may be round or hexagonal to facilitate denselypacking kegs 14 in many different varieties of cold room spaces.

Areas of weighing mat 250 that may be printed with a supplier's logohelp a vendor 30 keep track of which kegs 14 go to which draft handlesinside a bar. Logo 254 also allows a brewery 20 or distributor 64 togive/sponsor a weighing mat 250 when the vendor 30 signs up for asupplier account. Weighing mat 250 easily mates to adjacent mats so kegs14 may be slid front to back across weighing mats 250 and side to sideacross weighing mats 250. The edges of weighing mat 250 can incorporateelectrical connections to transmit data between weighing mats 250.Weighing mat 250 may be sized to accommodate several kegs 14 on a singleweighing mat 250, each keg 14 being weighed separately. Weighing mat 250determines wirelessly using radio transmitter 16 where kegs 14 are onthe mat, to determine which exact keg 14 is being weighed.

Using store and forward, a mobile device 38 may download historicalinformation from the radio transmitter 16 when radio transmitter 16detects mobile device 38 at a vendor 30. Using the mesh network 18 andstore and forward at a vendor 30, an arriving keg 14 can communicate itsarrival to the other kegs 14 at the vendor. When one of the older kegs14 18 leaves the vendor 30 and returns to the brewery 20, mesh network18 forwards the information from the keg 14 that newly arrived while itwas at the vendor 30.

FIG. 20 illustrates improved keg 14 use, monitoring, and reportingbetween operations that occur in a cold room 278 and operations thatoccur in a public room 279, such as a restaurant or other location. FIG.20 shows the interaction between cold room 278 of keg 14 section 12wherein mesh network 18 of kegs 14 may be positioned over weighing mat250 for reporting and communicating with public room 279 to providecorrelation between the operation of beer taps 260 in public room 279and beer kegs 14 within keg 14 section 12 of cold room 278.Alternatively, keg 14 collar 142 may provide the functions of weighingmat 250 instead. Moreover, within public room 279, there is anindication of a transaction that distribution network 10 enables topromote a point of sale (POS) 262 transaction. The POS transaction makesuse of the information relating to the status of kegs 14 within coldroom 278 and provides input for users to make purchasing and otherdecisions regarding consuming different beers according to the status ofkegs 14.

By correlating the decrease in keg 14 levels with an increase in drinkpurchases, distribution network 10 enables determining which consumers66 purchased from which keg 14. Once the keg 14 is determined, then itis possible to know brewery 20, type of beer, date brewed, etc. asherein disclosed.

By correlating consumer 66 location against keg 14 location, it ispossible to notify the consumer 66 when a keg 14 of their favorite beergoes on tap 260; where is the nearest public room 279 to purchase thatglass of beer; how long that beer is likely to be on tap 260, i.e., howfull is the keg 14, or if the keg 14 is no longer available, as well ashow fresh is the beer, by when it was brewed.

When a limited supply keg 14 goes on tap 260, the action of going on tap260 can trigger alerts to consumer 66 indicating the keg 14 is nowavailable. Distribution network 10 can indicate other beers currentlyavailable on tap that are similar to what consumer 66 likes/haspurchased before/what their friend likes/what others are drinking/whatis popular/what is freshest/what has aged longest/what is seasonal orspecial/what is from a local brewery 20/what is from a faraway brewery20/what has special ingredients/what is of limited supply.

Distribution network 10 can indicate other beers currently available ontap 260 that are similar to what consumer 66 likes/has purchasedbefore/etc. thereby introducing consumer 66 to new breweries.Distribution network 10 can indicate the brew date of each beer, howlong it has aged, how long it has been on tap, etc. Distribution network10 can recommend locations based upon beer types available.

When a consumer 66 enters a public room 279 using POS function 262, thefact that the consumer 66 is within range of a keg 14 is determined.This is used to determine when consumer 66 arrived and/or departed thelocation and can be correlated to the marketing done to that consumer66. By correlating consumer 66 purchase of product against marketingdone to consumer 66, it is possible to determine marketingeffectiveness. The effectiveness can be calculated automatically, andfuture selection of marketing messages or processes determinedautomatically.

By correlating decreased keg 14 levels with drink purchases, it ispossible to determine which consumer 66 purchased from which keg. Oncethe keg 14 is determined, it is then known brewery, type of beer, datebrewed, etc.

By correlating consumer 66 location against keg 14 location, it ispossible to notify consumer 66 (1) when a keg 14 of their favorite beergoes on tap; (2) the nearest location to purchase a glass of beer; (3)how long the beer is likely to be on tap (i.e. how empty the keg 14 is);(4) the keg 14 is no longer available; (5) how fresh the beer is (i.e.when it was brewed)

When a limited supply keg 14 goes on tap, the action of going on tap cantrigger alerts to consumer 66s indicating the keg 14 is now available.Distribution network 10 can indicate other products currently availableon tap that are similar to what consumer 66 likes or has purchasedbefore; what friends of consumer 66 like; what other consumers 66 aredrinking; what is popular at this location or nearby; what is freshestat this location or nearby; what product has aged longest; what productis seasonal or special; what product is from a local brewery; whatproduct is from a faraway brewery; what product has special or specificingredients; what product is of limited supply; etc.

Distribution network 10 can indicate other beers currently available ontap that are similar to what consumer 66 likes/has purchased before/etc.thereby introducing consumer 66 to new breweries. Distribution network10 can indicate the brew date of each beer, how long it has aged, howlong it has been on tap, etc.

Distribution network 10 can recommend locations based upon beer typesavailable. When consumer 66 enters a location/event using Distributionnetwork 10 kegs, the fact that consumer 66 is within range of a keg 14is determined. This is used to determine when consumer 66 arrived and/ordeparted the location and can be correlated to the marketing done tothat consumer 66.

A brewery can allow consumer 66 to “sponsor” a keg 14 such that theconsumer 66 is notified where the keg 14 travels, when it arriveslocations, etc. If the consumer 66 wants to sponsor a keg 14 with acertain type of beer only, a container can be allocated to hissponsorship at every brewing, so it appears he “owns” a specific keg,even if the actual container is different at each brewing. This allows abrewery to rotate their kegs 14 normally while still allowing theconsumer 66 to perceive they are sponsoring a single keg.

FIG. 21 depicts an exemplary stationary reader 36 for radio transmitter16 detection and measurement according to the present disclosure.Stationary reader 36 includes yellow LED 270 and red LED 272. Stationaryreader 36 preferably mounts upon a wall, such as within cold room 278 orat a different location. Stationary reader 36 preferably does not have ascreen, but is managed through a mobile device 38 application. LEDs 270and 272 indicate the state of the stationary reader 36. A Red LED 272reports whether stationary reader 36 is powered on and connected toInternet 54. A Yellow LED 270 indicate keg 14 sensing is active usingradio transmitter 16 or collar radio transmitter 142, and, duringinitial setup, indicates that stationary reader 36 is ready to receive aWi-Fi password.

If stationary reader 36 does not have a current connection to theInternet, a peer-to-peer connection (for example, via Bluetooth) mayperform the necessary connection. Stationary reader maintains aconnection to the Internet and actively seeks to re-establish theconnection, if the connection goes down. Proximity reads to kegs 14 aretaken continuously. If the Internet 54 connection goes down, the readsare spooled to a local buffer sensors/data collection section 34, andwhen the Internet 54 connection returns the spooled data is transmittedto server computer 56. The data is compressed before being encrypted,authenticated and sent to server.

Each stationary reader 36 in distribution network 10 possesses a uniqueidentifier, and a unique asymmetrical encryption key. Only a mobiledevice 38 having the other half of the asymmetrical key is authorized tomanage the stationary reader 36. The asymmetrical key is retrieved froma server computer 56, is not kept permanently on mobile device 38, andhas only per-session usage rights.

FIG. 22 shows the arrangement of a fill reader in association with coldroom 278 or other location for detecting and reporting the condition ofa plurality of kegs 14. FIG. 22 further includes use of a mobile reader274 which may be used on a stand 276 in proximity to mesh network 18 ofkegs 14 within a cold room 278.

FIG. 23 depicts a fill reader display 280 that a mobile reader 274 orsensing device 36/38 may show to indicate the status of kegs 14 within amesh network 18. Display 280 provides information 282 regarding emptykegs 14 and information 284 regarding full kegs 14. Empty kegs 14display 282 shows that keg1, keg2, keg3, and keg4 are empty kegs 14.Full kegs 14 display 284 shows the keg10, keg11, keg12 and keg13 arefull. Fill icon 286 indicates the movement from empty to full for thevarious kegs 14 in cold room 278. Indicator 286 displays that type ofliquid product is in the various kegs, here Pale Ale. Display 280 alsoindicates the date on which the display is operating.

Fill reader display 280 allows a brewery 20 to input the fill date andcontents of kegs 14 as they fill them using a normal tablet device 274.Distribution network 10 software allows a brewery 20 to pick the productwith which to fill the kegs, to manually mark kegs 14 as they arefilled, and to show nearby keg 14 and their state. According to brewery20 preferences, distribution network 10 software can either requiremanual marking of kegs 14, or automatically mark kegs 14 based uponbeing within a set distance range of fill reader 274 for a period oftime.

FIGS. 24A and 24B illustrate how stationary reader 36 may sense keg 14status in cold room 278 with a closed metal door. In cold room 278, meshnetwork 18 of radio transmitters 16 may be positioned behind a closedmetal cold room door 290. During this time, it is not possible to obtainthe necessary communication between radio transmitter 16 and sensingdevice 36/38. However, as FIG. 24B shows, once cold room door 290 opens,a clear communication path between stationary reader 36 and mesh network18 occurs making reading each radio transmitter 16 on kegs 14 possible.Alternatively, the communication may occur to any mobile device 38, 40,42, 60 outside cold room. While it is not possible to sense radiotransmitters 16, historical data may be stored in and forwarded fromradio transmitter 16. Alternatively, as mobile devices 38 enter and exitcold room 278, they may pick up data from kegs 14 or mesh network 18 incold room 278 for later reporting in distribution network 10.

FIGS. 25 and 26 depict the layered construction of a weighing mat 250according to present disclosure. Weighing mat 250 includes slick toplayer 292 which adheres to compressible spacer layer 294. Beneathcompressible spacer layer 294 appears bottom layer 296. Weighing mat 250may rest on metal shelf rungs 298. Bottom layer 296 may include a highfriction rubber layer 300. Slick top layer 292 may further include ridge302 upon which may rest keg 14. Slick top layer allows easy sliding ofkegs 14 on weighing mat 250. Bottom layer 296 surface may include a highfriction rubber or adhesive surface to keep weighing mat 250 in placeupon the metal shelf rungs 298. Optional raised ridge 302 on the slicktop layer 292 help position one or more kegs 14 in the best position(s)for weighing, as well as for use in association with other kegs 14 inmesh network 18.

FIG. 26 depicts a weighing or measuring device 304 for integration intothe weighing mat 250 of the present disclosure. Weighing devices 304sandwiches between slick top layer 292 and bottom layer 296. Exampleweighing devices 304 may be a load cell, pressure sensor, etc.Deflection of slick top layer 292 and compression of compressible spacerlayer 294 when a keg 14 rests on weighing mat 250 transfers the keg 14weight force onto weighing device 304. Optional spacing material can beused to support the slick top layer 292 outside weighing region(s).Overload protection prevents damage to weighing device 304 from large,sudden loads dropped from a shelf onto the weighing mat 250.

FIG. 27 illustrates the association of radio transmitter 16 with aweighing mat 250 of the present disclosure. FIG. 27 illustrates weighingmat 250 to include weighing devices 304 positioned below ridge 302.Radio transmitter 16 communicates with mat antenna 306. In theembodiment of FIG. 27, weighing mat 250 correlates keg 14 weight, asmeasured by weighing devices 304, with keg 14 state changes.

Radio antenna 306 receives signals from radio transmitter 16 when keg 14is placed on weighing mat 250. Weighing mat 250 may then transmit thekeg 14 weights and other information about each keg 14 either directlyto a storage system stationary reader 36, a mobile device 38 or anintermediate sensing device 36/38. Intermediate sensing devices 36/38may further include another weighing mat 250; another stationary reader36; a mobile device 38; an Internet or cloud server computer 56 viaWi-Fi; etc.

Radio transmitter 16 includes has sensors on PCB 88, which may detectevents that trigger a state change in the keg 14, mesh network 18, orelsewhere in distribution network 10. An example may be a temperaturesensor 192 that determines a change in temperature that is significantfor keg 14 state tracking. Such temperature change and/or the statechange itself is communicated to a mobile device 38 and thereby to therest of the distribution network 10.

Radio transmitter 16 placements on keg 14 bottom rim 136 permits easydetection by mat antenna 306 and signal disambiguation from other nearbykegs 14 in mesh network 18. Distribution network 10 software determineswhich brand and type of beer is on weighing mat 250; when keg 14 wasfilled; etc. Mat antenna 306 is in position to best detect radiotransmitter 16 directly above the respective weighing mat 250 and noother kegs 14 nearby, but not on weighing mat 250. Weighing mat 250 mayalso incorporate an RF shield to prevent items on weighing mats 250 onlower metal shelf rungs 298 from being detected. Mat antenna 306 may bedirectional to further help in nearby keg 14 disambiguation.

A mechanical overload protection mechanism allows directly and safelydropping full kegs 14 weighing mat 250. Such an event would occurweighing mat 250 is on the floor and a keg 14 dropped from a nearbyshelf. When using a load cell as weighing device 304, a mechanical stopis incorporated into the load cell action to prevent damage to it in thecase of overload. In the case of using a pressure sensor as weighingdevice 304, a point load will compress the slick top layer 292, spacerlayer 294, and rubber layer 300 so that the load is transferred to metalshelf rungs 298 beneath weighing mat 250. Only a load spread acrossslick top layer 292 the surface will register a read.

In each mesh network 18, one weighing mat 250 may operate as the“master” mat, responsible for collecting information from nearbyweighing mats 250 before sending to server computer 56. Weight mats 250may be individually connected to server section 52 via Wi-Fi or othermeans. Weighing mats 250 can transmit readings directly to sensingdevices 36/38 or a nearby tablet computer. Radio measurements areaggregated via distribution network 10 software from multiple weighingmats 250 to disambiguate multiple radio transmitter 16 signals fromvarious kegs 14. Keg 14 weights aggregated via distribution network 10software to automatically order more product when necessary. Weight mat250 hardware feeds events into distribution network 10 software, e.g.,kegs 14 going on and off a weighing mat 250; keg 14 is almost empty; newkeg 14 has been tapped; etc. Distribution network 10 software uses theevents received from weighing mat 250 hardware to determine additionalconditions, such as whether the last full keg 14 of a certain brand hasbeen put on tap 260; etc. These events and conditions trigger actionssuch as POS notification 262.

FIG. 28 shows a potential configuration of stacked kegs 14 as may bemeasured and monitored using the weighing mat 250 of the presentdisclosure. Alternative dual keg 14 weighing mat 310 provides theability to stack two kegs 14, as upper keg 272 and lower keg 274. Withupper keg 272 stacked on lower keg 274, weighing mat 276 may provide aweighing measure of the combined weight of the two kegs 14. Two kegs 14being stacked on top of each other assumes one of the two is either fullor empty. Thus, both kegs 14 may start full, and upper keg 14272 may bedrained. Then upper keg 272 may be placed on the bottom with lower keg274 connecting to tap 260. In this configuration, only one keg 14 isbeing drained at a time. Weight mat 250 may have a readout area showingweight/percent full/etc. for the keg 14 currently on tap 260.Distribution network 10 software may automatically compensate for theevent of whether lower keg 14274 is full or empty.

FIGS. 29 through 32 show various screens of a mobile device 38application for the present disclosure. FIG. 29 shows connection via amobile device 38 to a wireless transmission from stationary reader 36and/or radio transmitter 16. As FIG. 29 depicts, access screen 320 showsthe ability to determine that a stationary reader 36 is within aBluetooth connection of icon 322 or Wi-Fi connection of icon 324 to amobile device 38. A red indicator light 326 may show that “Truck #1” asreading station is accessible to mobile device 38. Access screen 320provides also the ability to select stations 328, trucks 330, or otherlocations within liquid product distribution network 10.

Distribution network 10 software residing on a mobile phone/devicecreates a peer-to-peer network for operating stationary reader 36. Themobile device 38 screen permits entering settings to allow stationaryreader 36 to connect to local Wi-Fi and then to the rest of theDistribution network 10. FIG. 29 is a list of stationary readers atvarious vendors 30, where red/green indicator lights 326 show indicationof stationary reader 36 operational status. The Bluetooth connectionicon 322 and Wi-Fi connection icon 324 show whether the respectivestationary reader 36 presently has a wireless connection to distributionnetwork 10.

FIG. 30 shows how mobile device 38 may connect to distribution network10. For example, mobile device 38 may connect via a server section 52 atselection 340 or a peer-to-peer network at sensors/data collectionsection 34 at selection 342. These connections are selectable by themobile device 38 user, such as the shown example of a peer-to-peernetwork selection 340 of FIG. 30.

FIG. 31 shows how mobile device 38 software may permit a user todetermine the state of distribution network 10 software at a station.Thus, version screen 350 shows the station name to be “Reader #4,” usingthe Wi-Fi network of “Private_Wifi” and version 1.1.1. Version screen350 also indicates the presence of nearby Wi-Fi networks applicable tomobile device 38. FIG. 31 shows information received from stationaryreader 36 about its current state using a name meaningful to thelocation of the reader. Also, here provided is information of whether aWi-Fi network programmed into it and the stationary reader 36 firmwareversion. The “Nearby” selection allows showing other radio transmitters16 that may be currently being detected by stationary reader 36.

FIG. 32 simply provides the ability to select among different Wi-Finetworks as would be typical in the operation of mobile device 38. FIG.32 shows identifying and selecting a Wi Fi network (Private_Wifi) fromavailable Wi-Fi networks as listed.

FIGS. 33 through 35 illustrate exemplary screens as may find use formobile phones and tablets operating as mobile devices 38 in detectingand reporting kegs 14 at various locations and data applicable tomonitoring and reporting. FIGS. 33 through 36 further demonstrate thecommunication capabilities of distribution network 10 software. Forexample, FIG. 33 shows mobile device 38 interface including a satelliteperspective which provides the ability to maintain different accountsassociated with distribution network 10, as well as the ability to drilldown into accounts for determining the account status. Thus, maintenanceand drill down screen 360 shows satellite image 362, including numerouskeg 14 icons 364 indicating accounts associated with distributionnetwork 10. For example, selection bar 366 provides the ability toselect nearby locations 368, kegs 14 reporting section 370, fill statusselector 372, and delivery section 374 for performing the variousdistribution network 10 functions.

FIG. 33 shows screen 360 showing analysis of the distribution network 10tracking and fill level data to present a map and locations list whereappear kegs 14 equipped with radio transmitters 16 and sensing devices36/38 for their reading. In the top half of screen 360, each circle 364with a beer mug represents a keg 14 section 12 location. A circle 362without a beer mug may represent a group of kegs 14 section 12locations. The bottom half of screen 360 may provide a list of theaccounts associated with each circle 362 or 364. Either clicking on acircle 362 or 364, or clicking on the account name below will revealFIG. 34, which provides more information concerning the particularaccount, here 15th Street Cafe. The icon may vary based upon kegs 14status at the particular location.

The controls at bottom of map area of screen 360 include (1) adding anew account not already measured; (2) changing the map graphics type;(3) showing the user's current location; (4) changing the size of themap vs the list. The four yellow buttons at the top of the list arealead to four screens with specific information about: (1) containersbeing detected nearby within a given radius of the user; (2) a list ofall containers, their location/state/etc. (3) a control to fill kegs 14similar to FIG. 22; (4) a delivery screen for entering notes andinformation about a specific delivery.

By doing a reverse address lookup (from GPS to street address) whentruck 70 stops, distribution networks 10 may determine the deliveryaccount and, thereby, inventory at the keg 4 section 12 location. If asending device 36/38 does not include reverse street address lookupcapability, GPS data associating with the sensing device 36/38 may passto server computer 56, which pushes the GPS data to a different sensingdevice 36/38 capable of performing the lookup; or pass directly toanother sensing device 36/38 within distribution network 10. Thedetermined reverse street address lookup result may then be sent back tothe original sensing device 36/38. Once an address is looked up, sensingdevice 36/38 may cache the address, so the next time only the GPS datais needed to determine the associated keg 14 section 12 account.

Distribution network 10 software may also display route information to adriver of truck 70. Such route information may include accounts for theday, driving route, what to drop off and pick up, verifies driver dropsand picks correct inventory; etc. Distribution network 10 software mayalso learn a truck 70 driver's route over time. For example,distribution network 10 software may record that deliveries to a certainaccount are always made from a certain parking place. This informationbecomes a part of the knowledge base displayed by the distributionnetwork 10 software to the truck 70 driver.

Distribution network 10 software further provides a knowledge baseserving as a repository for routes, specific account information such ascombinations to locks, where keg 14 empties are stored, etc., schedules,invoices, drop off and pickup requirements, etc. The pickup, deliveryand inventory data is correlated against invoices, route schedule, lastknown inventory (i.e. lost kegs), etc. tablet 244 on truck 70 maycommunicate wirelessly with truck reader 230 for displaying mapping,routing, etc.

FIG. 34 shows the results of selecting “Nearby” function 368, where a15th St. Café, for example, report may be generated as screen 390. Inthe report of screen 390 would be information relating to the keg 14configuration and associated mesh network for their reporting location,here the 15th St. Café.

FIG. 35 shows the type of information available about each keg 14 inaddition to above: serial number, contents, location, keg 14 size,history of keg 14. Upon selecting kegs 14 function 370, keg 14information screen 380 of FIG. 34 may appear on mobile device 38. Suchinformation may include a name assigned to a keg 14, the productcontained in keg 14, the state of keg 14, any identification numberrelating to keg 14, the size of keg 14 and any operations of importancerelating to keg 14.

FIG. 35 shows the type of information available about the account: nameand address; notes about the account (instructions, who to contact,etc.); the kegs 14 on site and their contents; date of delivery to theaccount; how full the kegs 14 are; statistical history about the accountincluding average days a keg 14 takes to empty; average rate of productconsumption.

FIG. 36 relates a POS marketing feedback loop 262 of FIG. 20 accordingto the present disclosure. POS marketing feedback loop 262 may associatevia an application or wireless network to indicate to consumer 66 of arestaurant or other keg 14 section 12 location where kegs 14 containingbeer of known interest to consumer 66 may be available. Screen 400appears on a consumer 66 mobile device 38 to provide a notification fromRMS section 58 of distribution network 10. Screen 400 indicates an eventthat may be of interest or importance to consumer 66 or otherparticipant in distribution network 10. Notification 402 shows that“Austin IPA” brand of beer has just been made available at the location“Revolution.” Through this notification, mobile device 38 allowsconsumer 66 to share this information or just acknowledge the event byrespectively selecting “Share It” or “OK.” The value of this function toall participants in distribution network 10 may be quite high.

FIGS. 37A through 37D illustrate data as may be reported by distributionnetwork 10 software for performing various management and financialfunctions associated with deposit information and financialtransactions. Such management and financial information has significantbenefit respecting invoices, accounting and verification of truck 70driver-entered information relating to deliveries of kegs 14.

FIG. 37A provides a report that a distributor 64 or brewery 20 may findhighly advantageous in reporting inventory by keg 14 section 12location. Report 410 could apply to a distributor 64, for example, andprovides an “Inventory by Location” a listing of vendor 30 locations 412that a distributor 64 may service. Report segment 414 presents a statusfor an empty keg 14 that may be at a location. Report segment 416presents time-stamped information regarding a history of keg 14 havingthe identify of “Keg #008.” Thus, FIG. 37A shows how distributionnetwork 10 software permits drilling down from a high level aggregateview into individual keg 14 histories.

FIG. 37B provides information relating to the kegs 14 that may be at aparticular vendor 30 location in a “Turns Report.” FIG. 37B showscalculations of keg 14 “state” and how many days each keg 14 is at eachstate. It also shows a complete keg 14 cycle from brewery (date atleft); through various states; to keg 14 back at brewery (date onright).

FIG. 37C provides an “Inventory Report” by keg 14 or on a per-keg 14basis. FIG. 37C shows similar data to 36B, except with the currentlocation of the keg 14 appears in column 2; the contents of the keg 14in column 3—and current progress of the keg 14 through states as it hasprogressed so far.

FIG. 37D shows a “Daily Changes” report at a location. The FIG. 37Dreport shows day-by-day changes in states of kegs 14 and they progressthrough distribution network 10. These are just examples of the manytypes of reports and financial in management information that thedistribution network 10 software and components make possible. Inapplication, other types of reports may also be a benefit toparticipants in distribution network 10.

FIG. 38 shows an Accounts Screen for viewing vendor 30 accounts, theirlocation on the map, information about the vendor, inventory at thevendor, and account history. The FIG. 38 Accounts Screen showsinformation as may be generated by distribution network 10 in thedelivery of kegs 14 and indicates the last inventory of a vendor 30location as may be viewed by a truck 70 driver. The Accounts Screen ofFIG. 38 permits drilling down to a location to indicate the status of alocation that is part of distribution network 10. The Account Screenincludes reporting and includes a vendor 30 view of kegs, products,readers, etc. that may be viewed via web browser or inside thedistribution network 10 mobile device 38 app. Account Screen displaysdata about radio transmitters 16, kegs 14, breweries 20, products (e.g.,beer brands and types), distributors 64, vendors 30, keg 14 section 12locations, stationary readers 36, etc. either individually or ingroupings/aggregates. The Account Screen further provides a dashboarddisplay for showing overall information in user-customizable cells. TheAccount Screen of FIG. 38 displays only data permitted to user/device,and further can generate notices (e.g., beer too old, lost keg, mistakesin delivery) of importance throughout distribution network 10.

FIG. 39 shows further aspect of liquid product distribution network himfor automatically managing the deposit information. Such information mayinclude how many kegs 14 are at each vendor 30 location in distributionnetwork 10. When a keg 14 with a radio transmitter 16 or collar radiotransmitter 142 appears in keg 14 section 12, such as a vendor 30location, from a delivery truck 70, it automatically becomes a part ofthe distribution network 10 at the keg 14 section 12 location. This isindicated by the report 420 of FIG. 39, which includes depositinformation relating to the keg. The delivery of a keg 14, therefore,initiates a financial transaction relating to the newly deposited keg 14at the vendor 30 location. Thus, where a deposit is made, a charge of$120 appears because of communication with radio transmitter 16.Likewise, when a keg 14 having radio transmitter 16 is returned viadistribution network 10, a return reimbursement of $60 appears. Theshown example Distribution network 10 system automatically credits anddebits a deposit based upon measurements of 4 kegs 14 being left and 2picked up. On the right is shown detection of the actual kegs 14 at thevendor 30 account, and use of this data to populate the invoice so itshows the exact kegs 14 dropped off and picked up.

Software automatically manages deposit information—how many kegs 14 areat each location determines that location's rolling deposit fee. Thedeposit information automatically propagates back to invoices,accounting, etc.; or is used as a double check against the driversentered data. The invoice is normally prepared before the truck 70driver leaves the warehouse, and his stack of invoices used as a picklist to put kegs 14 and their products on truck 70. When the truck 70driver actually makes a delivery, the particular keg(s) 14 deposited andpicked up are added to the invoice.

“Inventory” report section 422 of FIG. 39 shows a listing of all kegs 14that may be in a keg 14 section location. Column 424 of Inventory Report422 provides the identification of a keg 14 having the identifier “QB#3-005.” Column 426 shows that the QB #3-005 keg 14 contains 6 inches ofproduct, as column 428 shows, “Pale Ale.” Inventory Report 422 furthershows that distribution network 10 has also detected other kegs 14, suchas kegs 14 having identifiers “HB#3-001,” “HB#3-003,” etc. All kegs 14listed in Inventory Report 422 have the associated contents measure interms of both volume and type of beer.

In summary, the disclosed subject matter provides a liquid productdistribution network for monitoring, controlling, and optimizing theflow of liquid products for delivery to consumers served by adistribution network for distributing said liquid products via liquidproduct dispensing containers. The liquid product distribution networkincludes at least one liquid product dispensing container fortransporting from a transport location to a dispensing location. Atleast one liquid product dispensing container includes an adaptablyaffixed radio transmitter and microprocessor for sensing andtransmitting a plurality of data measurements relating to the status ofsaid liquid product dispensing container. A stationary or mobile radiosignal reader operates within the distribution network for receiving theplurality of data measurements from the radio transmitter and furthercommunicating information relating to the plurality of datameasurements. Computer software systems are associated with the radiosignal reader(s) for a plurality of data collection functions. The datacollection functions include liquid product management functions, liquidproduct sales functions, and liquid product consumer managementfunctions. A computer processing server system associates with thestationary reader for processing data and executing instructionsassociating with the information relating to the data collectionfunctions. The computer processing server further communicatesinformation relating to the data collection functions with an internetcommunications or cloud interface. A reporting and marketing salessystem associates with the computer processing server systems forinterfacing with a plurality of computer processing systems operating inassociation with the functions of producing, distributing, vending, andconsuming the liquid products.

In further summary, the present disclosure relates to a liquid productdistribution network and provides a liquid product dispensing containerdevice for affixing to a liquid product dispensing container, such as abeer keg, for monitoring, controlling and/or optimizing flow of a liquidproduct delivered to consumers from the liquid product dispensingcontainer. The liquid product dispensing container moves from locationto location and dispenses the liquid product from a location in adistribution network. The liquid product dispensing container deviceincludes a casing for attaching it to the liquid product dispensingcontainer. The casing includes an enclosure and an attachment mechanismfor attaching the casing to a predetermined location of the liquidproduct dispensing container. The liquid product dispensing containerdevice includes a power source for providing power. A light indicatormay be included for indicating the status of the liquid productdispensing container device. The liquid product dispensing containerdevice includes a radio transmitter circuit for securing in theenclosure. A radio/processing module processes radio signaltransmissions of information relating to the liquid product dispensingcontainer. An antenna associates with the radio/processing module forsending and receiving the radio signal transmissions between theradio/processing module and at least one stationary reader and/or mobiledevice. A temperature sensor circuit senses temperatures relating to theliquid product dispensing container and generating electronic signalsrelating to the temperatures. A transducer circuit senses measurementsof the liquid product within the liquid product dispensing container andgenerates electronic signals relating to the sensing measurements. Amicrophone/sensor circuit for sensing sounds and related data associateswith the dispensing of the liquid product from the liquid productdispensing container. A codec/digital signal processing circuit includesmemory and computer instruction processing circuitry for receiving dataand processing instructions from the temperature sensor, the transducer,and microphone/sensor circuit generating information relating to thelocation of the liquid product dispensing container, the state of theliquid product dispensing container, and the state of the liquid productwithin the liquid product dispensing container. Processor instructionsenable operating the radio transmitter device to communicate informationrelating to the location of the liquid product dispensing container, thestate of the liquid product dispensing container, and the state of theliquid product within the liquid product dispensing container.

The benefits and advantages that may be provided by the presentinvention has been described above regarding specific embodiments. Thesebenefits and advantages, and any elements or limitations that may causethem to occur or to become more pronounced are not to be construed ascritical, required, or essential features of any of any or all of theclaims. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” areintended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearlyindicates otherwise. It is further understood that the terms “comprises”and/or “comprising” or “includes” and/or including”, or any othervariation thereof, are intended to be interpreted as nonexclusivelyincluding the elements or limitations which follow those terms.Accordingly, a system, method, or other embodiment that comprises a setof elements is not limited to only those elements, and may include otherelements not expressly listed or inherent to the claimed embodiment.These terms when used in this specification, specify the presence ofstated features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/orcomponents, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or morefeatures, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components,and/or groups thereof.

What is claimed is:
 1. A liquid product dispensing container device foraffixing to a liquid product dispensing container for monitoring,controlling and/or optimizing flow of a liquid product delivered toconsumers from said liquid product dispensing container, said liquidproduct dispensing container moving from location to location anddispensing said liquid product from a location in a distributionnetwork, comprising: an outer housing for attaching to the liquidproduct dispensing container, said outer housing comprising an enclosureand an attachment mechanism for attaching said casing to a predeterminedlocation of said liquid product dispensing container; a self-containedpower source for providing power to the liquid product dispensingcontainer device; a radio transmitter device for securing in saidenclosure and further comprising: a radio/processing module forprocessing radio signal transmissions of information relating to theliquid product dispensing container; an antenna associated with saidradio/processing module for sending and receiving said radio signaltransmissions between said radio/processing module and at least one huband/or mobile device; a mechanism for broadcasting a signal and datasuch that a receiver of the broadcast can approximate the distance tothe broadcaster using characteristics of the signal and data containedtherein; a sensor interface for allowing one or more sensors to beinterfaced with the processor; and processor instructions and attachedmemory for operating said radio transmitter device to store andcommunicate information relating to the location of the liquid productdispensing container, the state of the liquid product dispensingcontainer, and the state of the liquid product within the liquid productdispensing container.
 2. The liquid product dispensing container deviceof claim 1, further comprising at least one self-contained transducerswithin said liquid product dispensing container device and associatedwith said attached sensors are determination of the fill level of thecontainer it is attached to.
 3. The liquid product dispensing containerdevice of claim 1, further comprising mechanical or electronic locks forpreventing unauthorized removal of said liquid product dispensingcontainer device from the liquid product dispensing container.
 4. Theliquid product dispensing container device of claim 1, furthercomprising a plurality of LED lights, LCD display, or other displaymechanism providing visual indication of alarms and operational statusof said liquid product dispensing container device.
 5. The liquidproduct dispensing container device of claim 1, further comprisinginstructions and circuitry for permitting a consumer mobile device todecode signal transmitted from said liquid product dispensing containerdevice.
 6. The liquid product dispensing container device of claim 1,further comprising a battery and associated circuitry for operating saidliquid product dispensing container device in a self-contained mode forat least one month.
 7. The liquid product dispensing container device ofclaim 1, wherein said outer housing is sized or configured for toattachment to a standard metal beer keg such that it does not modify thecontainer, said outer housing positioned on said standard metal beer kegto avoid thermal extremes associated with cleaning and maintaining theoperational status of the standard metal beer keg.
 8. A method formonitoring, controlling and/or optimizing flow of a liquid productdelivered to consumers from a liquid product dispensing container usinga liquid product dispensing container device for affixing to a liquidproduct dispensing container, said liquid product dispensing containermoving from location to location and dispensing said liquid product froma location in a distribution network, comprising: attaching an outerhousing to the liquid product dispensing container, said outer housingcomprising an enclosure and an attachment mechanism for attaching saidcasing to a predetermined location of said liquid product dispensingcontainer; providing power to the liquid product dispensing containerdevice using a self-contained power source; operating said liquidproduct dispensing container device to transmit radio signals from saidliquid product dispensing container device, by performing the steps of:processing radio signal transmissions of information relating to theliquid product dispensing container using a radio/processing module;sending and receiving said radio signal transmissions between saidradio/processing module and at least one hub and/or mobile device usingan antenna associated with said radio/processing module; broadcasting asignal and data such that a receiver of the broadcast can approximatethe distance to the broadcaster using characteristics of the signal anddata contained therein; allowing one or more sensors to be interfacedwith the processor using a sensor interface; and operating said radiotransmitter device to store and communicate information relating to thelocation of the liquid product dispensing container, the state of theliquid product dispensing container, and the state of the liquid productwithin the liquid product dispensing container using processorinstructions and attached memory associated with said radio/processingmodule.
 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step ofoperating at least one self-contained transducers within said liquidproduct dispensing container device and associated with said attachedsensors for determining the fill level of the liquid productdistribution container.
 10. The method of claim 8, further comprisingthe step of preventing unauthorized removal of said liquid productdispensing container device from the liquid product dispensing containerusing at least one mechanical or electronic locks.
 11. The method ofclaim 8, further comprising the step of providing visual indication ofalarms and operational status of said liquid product dispensingcontainer device using a plurality of LED lights, LCD display, or otherdisplay mechanisms.
 12. The method of claim 8, further comprising thestep of permitting a consumer mobile device to decode a plurality ofsignals transmitted from said liquid product dispensing container deviceusing instructions and circuitry associated with said radio/processingmodule.
 13. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step ofoperating said liquid product dispensing container device in aself-contained mode for at least one month using a battery andassociated circuitry.
 14. The method of claim 8, further comprising thestep of position said outer housing on a standard metal beer keg suchthat it does not modify the container and avoids thermal extremesassociated with cleaning and maintaining the operational status of thestandard metal beer keg.
 15. A liquid product distribution network formonitoring, controlling and/or optimizing flow of a liquid productdelivered to consumers from a liquid product dispensing container, saidliquid product dispensing container moving from location to location anddispensing said liquid product from a location in a distributionnetwork, said liquid product distribution network associating aplurality of liquid product dispensing containers associated with oneanother, a plurality of said liquid product distribution containersfurther comprising a liquid product distribution contain device foraffixing to a liquid product dispensing container, said liquid productdistribution container device comprising: an outer housing for attachingto the liquid product dispensing container, said outer housingcomprising an enclosure and an attachment mechanism for attaching saidcasing to a predetermined location of said liquid product dispensingcontainer; a self-contained power source for providing power to theliquid product dispensing container device; a radio transmitter devicefor securing in said enclosure and further comprising: aradio/processing module for processing radio signal transmissions ofinformation relating to the liquid product dispensing container; anantenna associated with said radio/processing module for sending andreceiving said radio signal transmissions between said radio/processingmodule and at least one hub and/or mobile device; a mechanism forbroadcasting a signal and data such that a receiver of the broadcast canapproximate the distance to the broadcaster using characteristics of thesignal and data contained therein; a sensor interface for allowing oneor more sensors to be interfaced with the processor; and processorinstructions and attached memory for operating said radio transmitterdevice to store and communicate information relating to the location ofthe liquid product dispensing container, the state of the liquid productdispensing container, and the state of the liquid product within theliquid product dispensing container.
 16. The liquid product dispensingnetwork of claim 15, wherein said liquid product distribution containerdevice further comprises at least one self-contained transducers withinsaid liquid product dispensing container device and associated with saidattached sensors are determination of the fill level of the container itis attached to.
 17. The liquid product dispensing network of claim 15,wherein said liquid product distribution container device furthercomprises mechanical or electronic locks for preventing unauthorizedremoval of said liquid product dispensing container device from theliquid product dispensing container.
 18. The liquid product dispensingnetwork of claim 15, wherein said liquid product distribution containerdevice further comprises a plurality of LED lights, LCD display, orother display mechanism providing visual indication of alarms andoperational status of said liquid product dispensing container device.19. The liquid product dispensing network of claim 15, wherein saidliquid product distribution container device further comprisesinstructions and circuitry for permitting a consumer mobile device todecode signal transmitted from said liquid product dispensing containerdevice.
 20. The liquid product dispensing network of claim 1, whereinsaid liquid product distribution container device further comprises abattery and associated circuitry for operating said liquid productdispensing container device in a self-contained mode for at least onemonth.